Duan Yajie, Jia Zhiwei, Lu Zhiwei, Hu Huigang, Zhan Rulin
School of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
Key Laboratory of Tropical Fruit Biology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Key Laboratory of Hainan Province for Postharvest Physiology and Technology of Tropical Horticultural Products, South Subtropical Crops Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Zhanjiang, China.
Front Plant Sci. 2025 Jan 9;15:1492711. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2024.1492711. eCollection 2024.
With the aim of enhancing plants' ability to respond to pathogenic fungi, this study focuses on disease resistance genes. We commenced a series of investigations by capitalizing on the pronounced differences in resistance to Fusarium wilt between resistant and susceptible varieties. Through an in-depth exploration of the metabolic pathways that bolster this defense, we identified genes associated with resistance to f. sp. (Foc). For our analysis, root tissues from seedlings that had been in contact with for four days were harvested, including both infected and uninfected samples, which served as our study specimens. The crude extract treatment led to a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, lignin content, and phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) activity. Conversely, there was a notable decline in protein content, ergosterol levels, and pectinase activity. In the control group, it was observed that 4,474 genes in the resistant varieties were significantly up-regulated compared to the susceptible varieties. The functional annotation of these differentially expressed genes (DEGs) emphasized their predominant participation in biological processes. Further analysis via the KEGG database revealed that 14 DEGs in the susceptible varieties were particularly enriched in pathways related to plant hormone signaling. Through the perspective of transcriptome data, we focused on genes associated with lignin and cell wall development for Q-PCR validation. Notably, the expression levels of Macma4_02_g07840 (COMT) and Macma4_10_g06530 (CCOAOMT) were relatively elevated. Our findings suggest that the resistance of these varieties to wilt infection can be ascribed to the accumulation of lignin metabolites, which inhibits pathogenic fungus growth by restricting the synthesis of cellular metabolites. The evidence documented in our research provides a framework for a deeper understanding of the disease resistance mechanisms in bananas, laying a solid theoretical foundation for future studies in this area.
为了增强植物对病原真菌的反应能力，本研究聚焦于抗病基因。我们利用抗病品种和感病品种对枯萎病抗性的显著差异展开了一系列调查。通过深入探究支持这种防御的代谢途径，我们鉴定出了与尖孢镰刀菌古巴专化型（Foc）抗性相关的基因。在我们的分析中，采集了与Foc接触四天的幼苗的根组织，包括感染和未感染的样本，这些样本作为我们的研究标本。粗提物处理导致丙二醛（MDA）水平、木质素含量和苯丙氨酸解氨酶（PAL）活性显著增加。相反，蛋白质含量、麦角甾醇水平和果胶酶活性显著下降。在对照组中，观察到抗病品种中有4474个基因相对于感病品种显著上调。这些差异表达基因（DEGs）的功能注释强调了它们主要参与生物过程。通过KEGG数据库进一步分析发现，感病品种中的14个DEGs特别富集在与植物激素信号传导相关的途径中。从转录组数据的角度出发，我们聚焦于与木质素和细胞壁发育相关的基因进行qPCR验证。值得注意的是，Macma4_02_g07840（COMT）和Macma4_10_g06530（CCOAOMT）的表达水平相对较高。我们的研究结果表明，这些品种对枯萎病感染的抗性可归因于木质素代谢产物的积累，其通过限制细胞代谢产物的合成来抑制病原真菌的生长。我们研究中记录的证据为深入理解香蕉的抗病机制提供了一个框架，为该领域未来的研究奠定了坚实的理论基础。
