Zadworna Magdalena, Ardelt Monika
Institute of Psychology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Department of Sociology and Criminology & Law, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Aging Ment Health. 2025 Aug;29(8):1485-1496. doi: 10.1080/13607863.2025.2452943. Epub 2025 Jan 24.
Late adulthood is marked by challenges that impact well-being. While perceived health, wisdom, and positive attitudes toward aging correlate with better mental health in later life, their interrelations are not well understood. This study explored if three-dimensional wisdom could buffer the negative impact of poor physical health on mental health, and if positive attitudes toward aging mediated the effects of wisdom and poor health on mental health.
A survey of 500 Polish older adults aged 60-86 included the Personal Wellbeing Index, Geriatric Depression Scale, Three-Dimensional Wisdom Scale, Attitudes to Aging Questionnaire, perceived health, and sociodemographic questions.
Wisdom buffered the negative association between poor physical health on mental health and had a significantly stronger effect on mental health if perceived physical health was very poor. The relations of wisdom, poor health, and the interaction between wisdom and poor health on mental health were partially mediated by attitudes toward aging.
Wisdom seems to mitigate the negative effects of poor health on mental health, and wise older adults tend to have more positive attitudes toward aging, leading to better mental health outcomes. Those findings support the important role played by wisdom and attitudes toward aging in healthy aging interventions.
老年期存在诸多影响幸福感的挑战。尽管感知健康、智慧以及对衰老的积极态度与晚年更好的心理健康相关，但其相互关系尚未得到充分理解。本研究探讨了三维智慧是否能缓冲身体健康不佳对心理健康的负面影响，以及对衰老的积极态度是否介导了智慧和健康不佳对心理健康的影响。
对500名年龄在60 - 86岁的波兰老年人进行的一项调查，内容包括个人幸福指数、老年抑郁量表、三维智慧量表、衰老态度问卷、感知健康以及社会人口学问题。
智慧缓冲了身体健康不佳与心理健康之间的负相关，并且如果感知身体健康非常差，智慧对心理健康的影响显著更强。智慧、健康不佳以及智慧与健康不佳的相互作用对心理健康的关系部分由对衰老的态度介导。
智慧似乎减轻了健康不佳对心理健康的负面影响，明智的老年人往往对衰老有更积极的态度，从而带来更好的心理健康结果。这些发现支持了智慧和对衰老的态度在健康老龄化干预中所起的重要作用。
