Mielniczek Milosz, Aune Tore Kristian
Sport and Human Movement Science Research Group (SaHMS), Department of Sport Science, Nord University, 7600 Levanger, Norway.
Brain Sci. 2024 Dec 30;15(1):34. doi: 10.3390/brainsci15010034.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: High-intensity interval training (HIIT) alternates short periods of intense exercise with recovery, effectively enhancing cardiorespiratory fitness, endurance, and strength in various populations. Concurrently, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) supports neuronal resilience and activity-dependent plasticity, which are vital for learning and memory. This study aims to systematically review changes in BDNF levels in response to HIIT, with three primary objectives: evaluating the benefits of HIIT for BDNF modulation, assessing methodological quality and the risk of bias in reviewed studies, and identifying patterns in BDNF response based on HIIT protocols and population characteristics.
Comprehensive database searches were conducted in PubMed and SPORTDiscus to identify relevant studies published up to April 2024. Given the diversity in study designs and outcomes, a narrative synthesis was performed rather than a meta-analysis. Bias was evaluated using visualization tools such as RobVis, and the review was conducted by a single researcher, which may limit its comprehensiveness.
Twelve studies met the inclusion criteria, with most indicating significant increases in BDNF levels post-HIIT, suggesting HIIT's potential to enhance neuroplasticity and cognitive functions. However, variations in BDNF responses were observed across different HIIT protocols and study populations. Some studies reported decreases or no change in BDNF levels, reflecting the complex regulation of BDNF influenced by factors such as exercise intensity, duration, and individual variability.
HIIT shows promise as an intervention for increasing BDNF levels, with potential benefits for brain health and cognitive function. These findings underscore the need for further research to confirm the optimal conditions under which HIIT can effectively enhance neurological outcomes. Future studies should explore standardized HIIT protocols and the long-term impact of HIIT on BDNF and neuroplasticity.
背景/目的：高强度间歇训练（HIIT）在短时间的高强度运动与恢复之间交替进行，能有效提高不同人群的心肺适能、耐力和力量。同时，脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）支持神经元的恢复力和活动依赖性可塑性，这对学习和记忆至关重要。本研究旨在系统回顾HIIT引起的BDNF水平变化，有三个主要目标：评估HIIT对BDNF调节的益处，评估综述研究的方法学质量和偏倚风险，以及根据HIIT方案和人群特征确定BDNF反应模式。
在PubMed和SPORTDiscus中进行了全面的数据库检索，以确定截至2024年4月发表的相关研究。鉴于研究设计和结果的多样性，进行了叙述性综合分析而非荟萃分析。使用RobVis等可视化工具评估偏倚，且该综述由一名研究人员进行，这可能会限制其全面性。
12项研究符合纳入标准，大多数研究表明HIIT后BDNF水平显著升高，表明HIIT具有增强神经可塑性和认知功能的潜力。然而，在不同的HIIT方案和研究人群中观察到了BDNF反应的差异。一些研究报告BDNF水平下降或无变化，这反映了BDNF受运动强度、持续时间和个体差异等因素影响的复杂调节。
HIIT有望作为一种增加BDNF水平的干预措施，对大脑健康和认知功能具有潜在益处。这些发现强调需要进一步研究以确认HIIT能有效改善神经学结果的最佳条件。未来的研究应探索标准化的HIIT方案以及HIIT对BDNF和神经可塑性的长期影响。
