Jou Rong-Chang, Hsu Han-Wen
Department of Civil Engineering, National Chi Nan University, Nantou 54561, Taiwan.
Behav Sci (Basel). 2025 Jan 5;15(1):48. doi: 10.3390/bs15010048.
The paper applies the prototype willingness model (PWM) and incorporates components of the theory of planned behavior (TPB), along with deterrence factors, to understand the behavioral intentions, willingness, and recidivism behaviors of individuals penalized for drunk driving. It explores psychological and social factors influencing repeat offenses, focusing on attitudes, subjective norms, prototypes, and deterrence. The PWM outlines two pathways-reasoned (based on intentions) and social reactive (based on willingness). The model helps predict risky behaviors like drunk driving. Thirteen hypotheses are proposed in this study to examine how various factors, such as attitudes, subjective norms, and deterrence, influence willingness, intentions, and behavior. Surveys were conducted among individuals attending road safety classes after being penalized for drunk driving. A total of 1156 individuals participated in the survey, with 855 valid responses collected. The results indicate that behavioral willingness had a stronger impact on recidivism than intention. On the other hand, subjective norms did not significantly affect the intent to reoffend, but attitudes, deterrence, and PBC did. The findings suggest that focusing on behavioral willingness, deterrence, and educational interventions could help reduce repeat drunk driving offenses. The paper offers insights for policymakers to improve prevention strategies, by focusing on the psychological motivators of repeat offenders.
本文应用原型意愿模型（PWM），并纳入计划行为理论（TPB）的组成部分以及威慑因素，以了解因酒后驾车而受处罚的个人的行为意图、意愿和累犯行为。它探讨了影响再次犯罪的心理和社会因素，重点关注态度、主观规范、原型和威慑。PWM概述了两条途径——理性途径（基于意图）和社会反应途径（基于意愿）。该模型有助于预测酒后驾车等危险行为。本研究提出了13个假设，以检验态度、主观规范和威慑等各种因素如何影响意愿、意图和行为。对因酒后驾车而受处罚后参加道路安全课程的个人进行了调查。共有1156人参与了调查，收集到855份有效回复。结果表明，行为意愿对累犯的影响比意图更强。另一方面，主观规范对再次犯罪的意图没有显著影响，但态度、威慑和感知行为控制有显著影响。研究结果表明，关注行为意愿、威慑和教育干预有助于减少酒后驾车累犯。本文通过关注累犯的心理动机，为政策制定者改进预防策略提供了见解。
