Hetzler Sebastian, Hinzen Carina, Rues Stefan, Schmitt Clemens, Rammelsberg Peter, Zenthöfer Andreas
Department of Prosthodontics, Medical Faculty, Heidelberg University, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
J Funct Biomater. 2025 Jan 20;16(1):36. doi: 10.3390/jfb16010036.
This study compares the mechanical properties of 5-mol% yttria partially stabilized zirconia (5Y-PSZ) materials, designed for 3D printing or milling. Three 5Y-PSZ materials were investigated: printed zirconia (PZ) and two milled zirconia materials, VITA-YZ-XT (MZ-1) and Cercon xt (MZ-2). PZ samples were made from a novel ceramic suspension via digital light processing and divided into three subgroups: PZ-HN-ZD (horizontal nesting, printed with Zipro-D Dental), PZ-VN-Z (vertical nesting, printed with Zipro-D Dental) and PZ-VN-Z (vertical nesting, printed with Zipro Dental). Key outcomes included biaxial flexural strength (ISO 6872) and Vickers hardness ( ≥ 23 samples/subgroup). Microstructure and grain size were analyzed using light and scanning electron microscopy. Printed specimens exhibited biaxial flexural strengths of 1059 ± 178 MPa (PZ-HN-ZD), 797 ± 135 MPa (PZ-VN-ZD), and 793 ± 75 MPa (PZ-VN-Z). Milled samples showed strengths of 745 ± 96 MPa (MZ-1) and 928 ± 87 MPa (MZ-2). Significant differences (α = 0.05) were observed, except between vertically printed groups and MZ-1. Vickers hardness was highest for PZ-VN-Z (HV0.5 = 1590 ± 24), followed by MZ-1 (HV0.5 = 1577 ± 9) and MZ-2 (HV0.5 = 1524 ± 4), with significant differences, except between PZ and MZ-1. PZ samples had the smallest grain size (0.744 ± 0.024 µm) compared to MZ-1 (0.820 ± 0.042 µm) and MZ-2 (1.023 ± 0.081 µm). All materials met ISO 6872 standards for crowns and three-unit prostheses in posterior regions.
本研究比较了设计用于3D打印或铣削的5摩尔%氧化钇部分稳定氧化锆（5Y-PSZ）材料的力学性能。研究了三种5Y-PSZ材料：打印氧化锆（PZ）以及两种铣削氧化锆材料，维他YZ-XT（MZ-1）和泽康xt（MZ-2）。PZ样品由一种新型陶瓷悬浮液通过数字光处理制成，并分为三个亚组：PZ-HN-ZD（水平嵌套，使用Zipro-D Dental打印）、PZ-VN-Z（垂直嵌套，使用Zipro-D Dental打印）和PZ-VN-Z（垂直嵌套，使用Zipro Dental打印）。关键结果包括双轴弯曲强度（ISO 6872）和维氏硬度（每个亚组≥23个样品）。使用光学显微镜和扫描电子显微镜分析微观结构和晶粒尺寸。打印试样的双轴弯曲强度分别为1059±178兆帕（PZ-HN-ZD）、797±135兆帕（PZ-VN-ZD）和793±75兆帕（PZ-VN-Z）。铣削样品的强度分别为745±96兆帕（MZ-1）和928±87兆帕（MZ-2）。观察到显著差异（α=0.05），垂直打印组和MZ-1之间除外。PZ-VN-Z的维氏硬度最高（HV0.5 = 1590±24），其次是MZ-1（HV0.5 = 1577±9）和MZ-2（HV0.5 = 1524±4），PZ和MZ-1之间除外，存在显著差异。与MZ-1（0.820±0.042微米）和MZ-2（1.023±0.081微米）相比，PZ样品的晶粒尺寸最小（0.744±0.024微米）。所有材料均符合ISO 6872标准中后牙区牙冠和三单位修复体的要求。
