Meng Hongfei, Wang Feiteng, Bai Guangzu, Li Huilin
Key Laboratory of Cryospheric Science and Frozen Soil Engineering, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Northwest Institute of Eco-Environment and Resources, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Lanzhou 730000, China.
Toxics. 2025 Jan 3;13(1):33. doi: 10.3390/toxics13010033.
In April 2023, a major dust storm event in Lanzhou attracted widespread attention. This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the causes, progression, and dust sources of this event using multiple data sources and methods. Backward trajectory analysis using the HYSPLIT model was employed to trace the origins of the dust, while FY-2H satellite data provided high-resolution dust distribution patterns. Additionally, the MAIAC AOD product was used to analyze Aerosol Optical Depth, and concentration-weighted trajectory (CWT) analysis was used to identify key dust source regions. The study found that PM played a dominant role in the storm, and the AOD values during the storm in Lanzhou were significantly higher than the annual average, highlighting the severe impact on regional air quality. Key meteorological conditions influencing the storm's occurrence were analyzed, including the formation and eastward movement of a high-potential ridge, convection driven by diurnal temperature variations, and surface temperature increases coupled with decreased relative humidity, which together promoted the generation and development of dust. Backward trajectory and dust distribution analyses revealed that the dust primarily originated from Central Asia, western Mongolia, Xinjiang, and Gansu. From the 19th to the 21st, the dust distribution showed similarities between day and night, with a noticeable increase in dust concentration from night to day due to strong vertical atmospheric mixing. To mitigate the impacts of future dust storms, this study highlights both short-term and long-term strategies, including enhanced monitoring systems, public health advisories, and vegetation restoration in key source regions. Strengthening regional and international cooperation for transboundary dust management is also emphasized as critical for sustainable mitigation efforts. These findings are significant for understanding and predicting the causes, characteristics, and environmental impacts of dust storms in Lanzhou and the Northwestern region.
2023年4月，兰州发生的一次重大沙尘暴事件引起了广泛关注。本研究使用多种数据来源和方法，对该事件的成因、发展过程和沙尘来源进行了全面分析。利用HYSPLIT模型进行后向轨迹分析，以追踪沙尘的来源，而风云二号H星数据提供了高分辨率的沙尘分布模式。此外，利用MAIAC气溶胶光学厚度（AOD）产品分析气溶胶光学厚度，并采用浓度加权轨迹（CWT）分析来确定关键沙尘源区。研究发现，颗粒物在此次沙尘暴中起主导作用，兰州沙尘暴期间的AOD值显著高于年平均值，凸显了对区域空气质量的严重影响。分析了影响沙尘暴发生的关键气象条件，包括高压脊的形成与东移、昼夜温度变化驱动的对流以及地表温度升高和相对湿度降低，这些因素共同促进了沙尘的产生和发展。后向轨迹和沙尘分布分析表明，沙尘主要源自中亚、蒙古西部、新疆和甘肃。从19日至21日，沙尘分布在白天和夜间呈现相似性，由于强烈的垂直大气混合作用，沙尘浓度从夜间到白天显著增加。为减轻未来沙尘暴的影响，本研究强调了短期和长期策略，包括加强监测系统、发布公共卫生建议以及在关键源区进行植被恢复。还强调加强区域和国际合作以进行跨境沙尘管理对于可持续缓解措施至关重要。这些发现对于理解和预测兰州及西北地区沙尘暴的成因、特征和环境影响具有重要意义。
