Cruz-León Carolina, Expósito-Carrillo Pablo, Sánchez-Parente Sandra, Jiménez-Iglesias José, Borges-Cosic Milkana, Cuenca-Garcia Magdalena, Castro-Piñero José
GALENO Research Group, Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Education Sciences, University of Cadiz, Avenida República Saharaui s/n, 11519, Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación e Innovación Biomédica de Cádiz (INiBICA), Cádiz, Spain.
Sports Med Open. 2025 Jan 24;11(1):8. doi: 10.1186/s40798-024-00799-1.
While there is evidence on the validity and reliability of field-based physical fitness tests in children, adolescents and adults, there is limited evidence to provide feasibility and safety data on the application and performance of the existing field-based physical fitness tests.
(i) To examine the feasibility and safety of existing field-based physical fitness tests used in people of all ages and (ii) to establish a comprehensive view of criterion-related validity, reliability, feasibility and safety based on scientific evidence for the existing field-based physical fitness tests in adults.
The search was conducted through the electronic databases MEDLINE (via PubMed) and Web of Science (all databases) for published studies from inception to 31 January 2023. This systematic review was developed according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis (PRISMA) guidelines. Studies were classified as very low quality, low quality or high quality, based on the criteria of appropriate number of participants, appropriate description of the study population, and appropriate number of items reported to assess feasibility/safety. Three evidence levels were constructed (strong, moderate and limited or inconclusive evidence) according to the number of studies and the consistency of the findings.
We identified a total of 19 (14 of high quality) and 13 (11 high quality) original studies examining the feasibility and safety of field-based physical fitness tests, respectively. Strong evidence indicated that (a) the 2-km walk and 20-m shuttle run tests were feasible in adults and, children and adolescents, respectively; (b) the handgrip strength test was feasible in children and adolescents; and (c) the standing long jump test was feasible in children and adolescents. Only the 2-km walk test has shown strong evidence on safety in adults. Finally, combining the levels of evidence of criterion-related validity, reliability, feasibility and safety in adults, all the field-based physical fitness tests show limited evidence.
There is a need for more studies and consensus to establish homogeneous methodological criteria to assess the feasibility and safety of field-based fitness tests. The combined evidence on criterion-related validity, reliability, feasibility and safety of field-based tests was found to be limited in adults. PROSPERO reference number CRD42022298276.
虽然有证据表明基于现场的体能测试在儿童、青少年和成年人中具有有效性和可靠性，但关于现有基于现场的体能测试应用和实施的可行性及安全性数据却很有限。
（i）研究现有基于现场的体能测试在各年龄段人群中的可行性和安全性；（ii）基于科学证据，全面了解成人现有基于现场的体能测试与标准相关的有效性、可靠性、可行性和安全性。
通过电子数据库MEDLINE（通过PubMed）和Web of Science（所有数据库）进行检索，查找从数据库建立到2023年1月31日发表的研究。本系统评价按照系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目（PRISMA）指南开展。根据参与者数量是否合适、研究人群描述是否恰当以及报告的评估可行性/安全性的项目数量是否合适等标准，将研究分为极低质量、低质量或高质量。根据研究数量和研究结果的一致性构建了三个证据水平（强、中、有限或不确定证据）。
我们分别确定了19项（14项高质量）和13项（11项高质量）关于基于现场的体能测试可行性和安全性的原始研究。有力证据表明：（a）2公里步行测试和20米折返跑测试分别在成年人、儿童和青少年中可行；（b）握力测试在儿童和青少年中可行；（c）立定跳远测试在儿童和青少年中可行。只有2公里步行测试在成年人中显示出有力的安全性证据。最后，综合成人与标准相关的有效性、可靠性、可行性和安全性的证据水平，所有基于现场的体能测试的证据都很有限。
需要更多研究和达成共识，以建立统一的方法学标准来评估基于现场的体能测试的可行性和安全性。在成年人中，基于现场测试与标准相关的有效性、可靠性、可行性和安全性的综合证据有限。PROSPERO注册号CRD42022298276。
