Huang Li, Gao Lei, Wu Song, Wang Peng, Chen Zhongxiang, Hao Qirui, Qin Dongli, Huang Xiaoli
Heilongjiang River Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Harbin 150070, China.
Inspection and Testing Center for Fishery Environment and Aquatic Products (Harbin), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Harbin 150070, China.
Foods. 2025 Jan 13;14(2):223. doi: 10.3390/foods14020223.
Common carp () is extensively cultured and widely consumed in Heilongjiang Province, China. Due to the proximity of freshwater ponds to agricultural cultivated areas, these aquatic systems are inevitably influenced by the historical application of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs), due to their prolonged half-life and resistance to degradation. Gas chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (GC-MS/MS) was utilized to quantify the levels of hexachlorocyclohexane (HCHs) and dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDTs) in the muscle tissue of cultured common carp. This study examined the enrichment characteristics of HCHs and DDTs in fish muscle, as well as their correlation with sediment and associated risk assessments. The results showed that the residual levels of HCHs and DDTs in fish muscle ranged from 0.387 μg·kg to 3.418 μg·kg and from 0.114 μg·kg to 0.420 μg·kg, respectively. They were all below the maximum residue limits specified in GB 2763-2021 (HCHs: 100 μg·kg, DDTs: 500 μg·kg). The concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in sediment were found to be lower than those in muscle tissue. Notably, the concentrations of HCHs were higher than those of DDTs in both muscle and sediment. Among the HCHs, γ-HCH was the predominant residual substance, contributing a significant proportion of 42.16% to 86.47%. No significant residues of DDT derivatives were detected. A significant correlation was observed between the concentrations of HCHs and DDTs in the muscle tissue and those present in the sediment ( < 0.01). The health risk assessment indicated that both the carcinogenic and non-carcinogenic risks associated with OCPs from common carp muscle and sediment were within acceptable limits. Therefore, it was recommended to regulate fish consumption during the breeding period.
鲤鱼（）在中国黑龙江省被广泛养殖且消费量大。由于淡水池塘靠近农业种植区，这些水体系统不可避免地受到有机氯农药（OCPs）历史使用的影响，因为它们半衰期长且抗降解。采用气相色谱 - 串联质谱法（GC - MS/MS）对养殖鲤鱼肌肉组织中六氯环己烷（HCHs）和滴滴涕（DDTs）的含量进行定量。本研究考察了HCHs和DDTs在鱼肌肉中的富集特征，以及它们与沉积物的相关性和相关风险评估。结果表明，鱼肌肉中HCHs和DDTs的残留量分别为0.387μg·kg至3.418μg·kg和0.114μg·kg至0.420μg·kg。它们均低于GB 2763 - 2021规定的最大残留限量（HCHs：100μg·kg，DDTs：500μg·kg）。沉积物中HCHs和DDTs的浓度低于肌肉组织中的浓度。值得注意的是，肌肉和沉积物中HCHs的浓度均高于DDTs。在HCHs中，γ - HCH是主要残留物质，占比达42.16%至86.47%。未检测到DDT衍生物的显著残留。肌肉组织中HCHs和DDTs的浓度与沉积物中的浓度之间存在显著相关性（<0.01）。健康风险评估表明，鲤鱼肌肉和沉积物中OCPs的致癌和非致癌风险均在可接受范围内。因此，建议在养殖期间对鱼类消费进行监管。
