Cartes Agustín, Stoore Caroll, Baquedano María Soledad, Hidalgo Christian, Lillo Felipe, Landerer Eduardo, Ramírez-Toloza Galia, Paredes Rodolfo
Escuela de Medicina Veterinaria, Facultad de Ciencias de la Vida, Universidad Andres Bello, República 239 3° Piso, Santiago 8370146, Chile.
Programa de Doctorado en Ciencias Silvoagropecuarias y Veterinarias, Campus Sur, Universidad de Chile, Santa Rosa 11315, La Pintana, Santiago 8820808, Chile.
Biology (Basel). 2025 Jan 3;14(1):31. doi: 10.3390/biology14010031.
Urinary incontinence is a widespread issue, particularly among women, with effective treatments remaining elusive. The pig, and especially the female pig, stands as a promising animal model for the study of this condition, due to its anatomical similarities to humans. The aim of this study was to explore the largely uncharted muscular structure of the female pig urethra, linking urethral muscle dysfunction to incontinence. We examined histological sections from the urethras of six sows using Hematoxylin-Eosin and Masson's trichrome staining for morphometric analysis. The statistical significance of cellular disposition was determined through analysis of variance (ANOVA), followed by a Tukey post hoc test to elucidate specific inter-group differences. Our analysis revealed segment-specific epithelial differences, including variations in cell layers, sparse acinar glands, rich vasculature, and distinct muscle fibers with diverse regional distributions. Notably, significant differences in muscular area and tissue distribution were identified between the proximal, middle, and distal segments of the urethra ( < 0.001). The observed anatomical variations, along with the cellular similarities between pigs and humans, establish the female pig as a crucial translational model for advancing urological research. Specifically, these findings provide a foundation for the development of innovative therapeutic strategies and surgical techniques that can be directly applied to improve outcomes in human urological conditions.
尿失禁是一个普遍存在的问题，尤其是在女性中，有效的治疗方法仍然难以捉摸。猪，尤其是母猪，由于其与人类的解剖学相似性，是研究这种疾病的一个有前途的动物模型。本研究的目的是探索雌性猪尿道在很大程度上尚未被研究的肌肉结构，将尿道肌肉功能障碍与尿失禁联系起来。我们使用苏木精-伊红染色和马松三色染色对六头母猪的尿道组织切片进行检查，以进行形态计量分析。通过方差分析（ANOVA）确定细胞分布的统计学意义，随后进行Tukey事后检验以阐明特定的组间差异。我们的分析揭示了特定节段的上皮差异，包括细胞层数的变化、稀疏的腺泡、丰富的血管以及具有不同区域分布的独特肌纤维。值得注意的是，尿道近端、中段和远端节段之间在肌肉面积和组织分布上存在显著差异（<0.001）。观察到的解剖学差异以及猪与人类之间的细胞相似性，确立了雌性猪作为推进泌尿外科研究的关键转化模型。具体而言，这些发现为开发创新的治疗策略和手术技术提供了基础，这些策略和技术可直接应用于改善人类泌尿系统疾病的治疗效果。
