Kopec Kaci, Quaranto Danielle, DeSouza Nicole R, Jarboe Tara, Islam Humayun K, Moscatello Augustine, Li Xiu-Min, Geliebter Jan, Tiwari Raj K
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Department of Otolaryngology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Jan 15;17(2):262. doi: 10.3390/cancers17020262.
The HOX gene family encodes for regulatory transcription factors that play a crucial role in embryogenesis and differentiation of adult cells. This highly conserved family of genes consists of thirty-nine genes in humans that are located in four clusters, A-D, on different chromosomes. While early studies on the HOX gene family have been focused on embryonic development and its related disorders, research has shifted to examine aberrant expression of HOX genes and the subsequent implication in cancer prediction and progression. Due to their role of encoding master regulatory transcription factors, the abnormal expression of HOX genes has been shown to affect all stages of tumorigenesis and metastasis. This review highlights the novel role of the HOX family's clinical relevance as both prognostic and diagnostic biomarkers in hematological and solid tumors.
HOX基因家族编码调控转录因子，这些转录因子在胚胎发生和成年细胞分化中起关键作用。这个高度保守的基因家族在人类中有39个基因，位于不同染色体上的四个簇（A - D）中。虽然早期对HOX基因家族的研究主要集中在胚胎发育及其相关疾病上，但研究已转向检查HOX基因的异常表达及其在癌症预测和进展中的后续影响。由于它们编码主要调控转录因子的作用，HOX基因的异常表达已被证明会影响肿瘤发生和转移的各个阶段。本综述强调了HOX家族作为血液系统肿瘤和实体瘤的预后和诊断生物标志物的临床相关性的新作用。
