Ülker Ekşi Büşra, Kısa Eylül Pınar, Ertan Harputlu Özge, Kara Kaya Begüm, Hoşbay Zeynep, Akıncı Buket
Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation, Graduate Education Institute, Biruni University, 34015 Istanbul, Turkey.
Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation Physiotherapy Program, Vocational School, Istanbul Galata University, 34430 Istanbul, Turkey.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2025 Jan 7;61(1):86. doi: 10.3390/medicina61010086.
Long COVID-19 syndrome may cause difficulties in functionality during daily life in young people. Our objective was to investigate the respiratory and functional sequelae in young adults with asymptomatic or mild COVID-19 compared with healthy peers 3-6 months and 6-12 months after COVID-19 infection. Participants aged 18-25 who had COVID-19 within the last 3-6 months (Post-COVID Group 1, n = 25) and 6-12 months (Post-COVID Group 2, n = 25) and age-gender-matched healthy controls (n = 25) were included in this study. Respiratory functions and muscle strength were measured. Physical function was assessed with 6 min walking test (6MWT) and an Incremental Shuttle Walk Test (ISWT). The 1 min sit-to-stand test (1-MSTST) and hand grip strength (HGS) were used to assess muscle performance. Fatigue and dyspnea severity were questioned. The FVC%pred ( = 0.023) and MEP ( = 0.034) were higher, and 1-MSTST repetitions were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 compared to Post-COVID Group-2 ( = 0.029). The PEF%pred ( = 0.025), MEP ( = 0.001), and ISWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-2 compared to healthy controls. The number of 1-MSTST repetitions and 6MWT distance were lower in Post-COVID Group-1 ( = 0.003, = 0.001) and Post-COVID Group-2 ( = 0.003, = 0.017) than in healthy controls. Exercise-induced blood lactate change during the ISWT, HGS, fatigue, and dyspnea were not significantly different between post-COVID groups and healthy controls. Young adults who pass asymptomatic or mild SARS-CoV-2 infection exhibit a decline in FVC%pred, PEF%pred, lower extremity muscle performance, and physical function within 3-6 months. In addition, the deterioration in respiratory and physical functions becomes apparent within 6-12 months.
新冠长期综合征可能会给年轻人的日常生活功能带来困难。我们的目的是调查无症状或轻症新冠患者在感染新冠病毒3至6个月以及6至12个月后，与健康同龄人相比的呼吸和功能后遗症。本研究纳入了年龄在18至25岁之间、在过去3至6个月内感染新冠的患者（新冠后第1组，n = 25）和6至12个月内感染新冠的患者（新冠后第2组，n = 25），以及年龄和性别匹配的健康对照者（n = 25）。测量了呼吸功能和肌肉力量。通过6分钟步行试验（6MWT）和递增往返步行试验（ISWT）评估身体功能。使用1分钟坐立试验（1-MSTST）和握力（HGS）评估肌肉表现。询问了疲劳和呼吸困难的严重程度。与新冠后第2组相比，新冠后第1组的FVC%pred（= 0.023）和MEP（= 0.034）更高，1-MSTST重复次数更低（= 0.029）。与健康对照者相比，新冠后第2组的PEF%pred（= 0.025）、MEP（= 0.001）和ISWT距离更低。新冠后第1组（= 0.003，= 0.001）和新冠后第2组（= 0.003，= 0.017）的1-MSTST重复次数和6MWT距离均低于健康对照者。新冠后各组与健康对照者在ISWT期间运动诱导的血乳酸变化、HGS、疲劳和呼吸困难方面无显著差异。无症状或轻症感染SARS-CoV-2的年轻人在3至6个月内FVC%pred、PEF%pred下降，并伴有下肢肌肉表现和身体功能下降。此外，呼吸和身体功能的恶化在6至12个月内变得明显。
