Berar Mihaela, Ciocan Andra, Moiș Emil, Furcea Luminița, Popa Călin, Ciocan Răzvan Alexandru, Zaharie Florin, Puia Cosmin, Al Hajjar Nadim, Caraiani Cosmin, Rusu Ioana, Graur Florin
3rd Department of Surgery, "Iuliu Hațieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Octavian Fodor Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, 400162 Cluj-Napoca, Romania.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 7;26(2):432. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020432.
Rectal cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies worldwide. The most common histological type is adenocarcinoma, followed by mucinous adenocarcinoma. The outcome is less favorable for the mucinous type, yet the treatment course is the same. The aim of this systematic literature review is to assess existing information in order to improve survival in rectal mucinous adenocarcinoma (RMA) and establish a starting point for future research. A systematic search of PubMed, Google Scholar, and Web of Science online libraries was performed in October 2024, evaluating studies regarding clinicopathological and genetic features in connection with targeted treatment and survival outcomes in RMA, using the terms "rectal cancer", "rectum", "mucinous adenocarcinoma", or a combination of the terms. We selected 23 studies, 10 of them regarding the diagnostic implications and 13 discussing the treatment strategies and prognosis of this histological subtype. There were six studies addressing the imaging aspects, highlighting the distinct features of mucinous histology in MRI. The molecular specifics were detailed in four studies, outlining the molecular footprint. The prognosis and treatment course were addressed in 12 studies. The inflammation index prognosis, complete response to neoadjuvant chemotherapy, and surgical aspects were addressed individually in each study. We encapsulated the molecular and clinicopathological characteristics of RMA, as well as diagnostic and treatment approaches, to establish a baseline of references for the benefit of daily practice and further research.
直肠癌是全球最常见的恶性肿瘤之一。最常见的组织学类型是腺癌，其次是黏液腺癌。黏液腺癌的预后较差，但治疗过程相同。本系统文献综述的目的是评估现有信息，以提高直肠黏液腺癌（RMA）的生存率，并为未来研究奠定基础。2024年10月，我们对PubMed、谷歌学术和科学网在线图书馆进行了系统检索，使用“直肠癌”“直肠”“黏液腺癌”或这些术语的组合，评估了有关RMA的临床病理和基因特征以及与靶向治疗和生存结果相关的研究。我们筛选出23项研究，其中10项涉及诊断意义，13项讨论了这种组织学亚型的治疗策略和预后。有6项研究涉及影像学方面，突出了黏液组织学在MRI中的独特特征。4项研究详细阐述了分子细节，勾勒出分子特征。12项研究探讨了预后和治疗过程。每项研究分别探讨了炎症指数预后、新辅助化疗的完全缓解情况和手术方面。我们总结了RMA的分子和临床病理特征以及诊断和治疗方法，以便为日常实践和进一步研究建立一个参考基线。
