Song Yanan, Li Fujun, Ali Maratab, Li Xiaoan, Zhang Xinhua, Ahmed Zienab F R
College of Agricultural Engineering and Food Science, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, China.
School of Food and Agricultural Sciences, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2025 Jan 17;26(2):768. doi: 10.3390/ijms26020768.
Fruits and vegetables (F&Vs) are essential in daily life and industrial production. These perishable produces are vulnerable to various biotic and abiotic stresses during their growth, postharvest storage, and handling. As the fruit detaches from the plant, these stresses become more intense. This unique biological process involves substantial changes in a variety of cellular metabolisms. To counter these stresses, plants have evolved complex physiological defense mechanisms, including regulating cellular activities through reversible phosphorylation of proteins. Protein kinases, key components of reversible protein phosphorylation, facilitate the transfer of the γ-phosphate group from adenosine triphosphate (ATP) to specific amino acid residues on substrates. This phosphorylation alters proteins' structure, function, and interactions, thereby playing a crucial role in regulating cellular activity. Recent studies have identified various protein kinases in F&Vs, underscoring their significant roles in plant growth, development, and stress responses. This article reviews the various types of protein kinases found in F&Vs, emphasizing their roles and regulatory mechanisms in managing stress responses. This research sheds light on the involvement of protein kinases in metabolic regulation, offering key insights to advance the quality characteristics of F&Vs.
水果和蔬菜在日常生活和工业生产中至关重要。这些易腐产品在其生长、采后储存和处理过程中容易受到各种生物和非生物胁迫。随着果实与植株分离，这些胁迫会变得更加严重。这个独特的生物学过程涉及多种细胞代谢的显著变化。为了应对这些胁迫，植物进化出了复杂的生理防御机制，包括通过蛋白质的可逆磷酸化来调节细胞活动。蛋白激酶是可逆蛋白质磷酸化的关键组成部分，它促进γ-磷酸基团从三磷酸腺苷（ATP）转移到底物上特定的氨基酸残基。这种磷酸化改变了蛋白质的结构、功能和相互作用，从而在调节细胞活动中发挥关键作用。最近的研究已经在水果和蔬菜中鉴定出了各种蛋白激酶，强调了它们在植物生长、发育和胁迫反应中的重要作用。本文综述了在水果和蔬菜中发现的各种类型的蛋白激酶，强调了它们在管理胁迫反应中的作用和调控机制。这项研究揭示了蛋白激酶在代谢调控中的作用，为提高水果和蔬菜的品质特性提供了关键见解。
