Kucharczyk Halina, Kucharczyk Marek, Olbrycht Tomasz
Department of Zoology and Nature Protection, Institute of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, Maria Curie-Sklodowska University, 19 Akademicka Str., 20-033 Lublin, Poland.
Department of Agroecology and Forest Utilization, University of Rzeszów, 1a M.Ćwiklińskiej Str., 35-601 Rzeszów, Poland.
Insects. 2025 Jan 17;16(1):92. doi: 10.3390/insects16010092.
The insect fauna overwintering under the bark of tree trunks is very rarely studied. Thrips (Thysanoptera) associated with the plane tree ( x Mill. ex Münchh., syn. x (Aiton) Willd.) have not been studied so far, especially those overwintering on the non-native tree in Poland. The study was carried out in March and April 2014 and 2015 and in February 2016 in 29 localities in southeastern Poland. The study sites were localized in urban and rural parks. Tree bark samples were taken from each trunk at a height of 1-2 m and collected in 4 L plastic bags (approximately 250 cm). Thrips were sorted from the pieces of plane tree bark in the laboratory and preserved in 70% ethyl alcohol; the species were identified on microscopic slides. Fifteen species, nine from the suborder Terebrantia and six from the suborder Tubulifera, were identified. Ten species were dendrophilous, among which all Tubuliferan species were fungivorous. A total of 494 thrips individuals were collected, with 84% representing the suborder Terebrantia. The most abundant thrips species included Uzel, Haliday, Uzel, and (Jablonowski). degeeri, i.e., the most numerous species, was found in the highest number of sites (22), while six species were only found in one site each. Generalized Linear Model (GLM) and Nonmetric Multidimensional Scaling (NMDS) analysis showed that the species composition was strongly associated with environmental such factors as insolation, the trunk circumference, and the number of trunks where the species overwintered. Our research has shown that the bark of plane trees ( x ) provided a suitable habitat for thrips overwintering.
很少有人研究在树干树皮底下越冬的昆虫区系。与悬铃木（x Mill. ex Münchh.，同物异名x (Aiton) Willd.）相关的蓟马（缨翅目）至今尚未得到研究，尤其是那些在波兰非本土树上越冬的蓟马。研究于2014年3月和4月、2015年以及2016年2月在波兰东南部的29个地点开展。研究地点位于城市和乡村公园。在每棵树干1 - 2米高处采集树皮样本，并收集到4升塑料袋（约250平方厘米）中。在实验室中从悬铃木树皮碎片中分拣出蓟马，并保存在70%的乙醇中；在显微镜载玻片上鉴定物种。共鉴定出15个物种，其中9个来自管尾亚目，6个来自管蓟马亚目。10个物种为树栖性，其中所有管蓟马亚目的物种均为食真菌性。总共收集到494只蓟马个体，其中84%属于管尾亚目。最常见的蓟马物种包括Uzel、Haliday、Uzel和(Jablonowski)。degeeri是数量最多的物种，在最多的地点（22个）被发现，而有6个物种仅在一个地点被发现。广义线性模型（GLM）和非度量多维尺度分析（NMDS）表明，物种组成与诸如日照、树干周长以及物种越冬的树干数量等环境因素密切相关。我们的研究表明，悬铃木（x）的树皮为蓟马越冬提供了适宜的栖息地。
