Przygucka Dominika, Polkowska Adelajda, Polkowski Wojciech, Karczewski Krzysztof, Jóźwiak Stanisław
Faculty of Advanced Technologies and Chemistry, Military University of Technology, Sylwestra Kaliskiego 2, 00-908 Warsaw, Poland.
Łukasiewicz Research Network-Krakow Institute of Technology, Zakopiańska 73 Str., 30-418 Krakow, Poland.
Materials (Basel). 2025 Jan 17;18(2):412. doi: 10.3390/ma18020412.
High-entropy materials, characterized by complex chemical compositions, are difficult to identify and describe structurally. These problems are encountered at the composition design stage when choosing an effective method for predicting the final phase structure of the alloy, which affects its functional properties. In this work, the effects of introducing oxide precipitates into the matrix of a high-entropy TiCoCrFeMn alloy to strengthen ceramic particles were studied. The particles were introduced by the ex situ method, such as TiO in the form of anatase, and by the in situ method, consisting of the reconstruction of CuO into TiO. In both cases, it was assumed that after the homogenization process, carried out at 1000 °C, ceramic precipitates in the rutile phase, commonly considered a stable allotropic form of TiO, would be obtained. However, the microscopic observations and XRD analyses, supported by EDS chemical composition microanalysis and EBSD backscattered electron diffraction, clearly revealed that, regardless of the method of introducing oxides, the final strengthening phase obtained was a mixture of TiO in the form of anatase with the Magnelli phase of TiO. In this work, phase reconstruction in the Ti-O system was analyzed using changes in the Gibbs free energy of the identified oxide phases.
高熵材料具有复杂的化学成分，在结构上难以识别和描述。在合金成分设计阶段，当选择一种有效的方法来预测合金的最终相结构时，就会遇到这些问题，而合金的最终相结构会影响其功能特性。在这项工作中，研究了向高熵TiCoCrFeMn合金基体中引入氧化物沉淀以强化陶瓷颗粒的效果。颗粒通过非原位方法引入，如锐钛矿形式的TiO，以及通过原位方法引入，该方法包括将CuO重构为TiO。在这两种情况下，都假定在1000℃进行均匀化处理后，将获得通常被认为是TiO稳定同素异形形式的金红石相陶瓷沉淀。然而，在EDS化学成分微分析和EBSD背散射电子衍射的支持下，微观观察和XRD分析清楚地表明，无论引入氧化物的方法如何，最终获得的强化相是锐钛矿形式的TiO与TiO的马涅利相的混合物。在这项工作中，利用所识别氧化物相的吉布斯自由能变化分析了Ti-O系统中的相重构。
