Recent Progress in Enzyme Immobilization to Metal-Organic Frameworks to Enhance the CO Conversion Efficiency.

Climate change and the energy crisis, driven by excessive CO emissions, have emerged as pressing global challenges. The conversion of CO into high-value chemicals not only mitigates atmospheric CO levels but also optimizes carbon resource utilization. Enzyme-catalyzed carbon technology offers a green and efficient approach to CO conversion. However, free enzymes are prone to inactivation and denaturation under reaction conditions, which limit their practical applications. Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) serve as effective carriers for enzyme immobilization, offering porous crystalline structures that enhance enzyme stability. Moreover, their high specific surface area facilitates strong gas adsorption, making enzyme@MOF composites particularly advantageous for CO catalytic conversion. In this paper, we review the synthesis technologies and the application of enzyme@MOFs in CO catalytic conversion. Furthermore, the strategies, including the enhancement of CO utilization, coenzyme regeneration efficiency, and substrate mass transfer efficiency, are also discussed to further improve the efficiency of enzyme@MOFs in CO conversion. The aim of this review is to present innovative ideas for future research and to highlight the potential applications of enzyme@MOFs in achieving efficient CO conversion.