Dong Li-Ying, Zhu Ying-Jie, Wu Jin, Yu Han-Ping
State Key Laboratory of High Performance Ceramics and Superfine Microstructure, Shanghai Institute of Ceramics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 200050, China.
Center of Materials Science and Optoelectronics Engineering, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
Molecules. 2025 Jan 10;30(2):263. doi: 10.3390/molecules30020263.
Paper is a thin nonwoven material made from cellulose fibers as the main raw material together with some additives. Paper is highly flammable, leading to the destruction of countless precious ancient books, documents, and art works in fire disasters. In recent years, researchers have made a lot of efforts in order to obtain more durable and fire-retardant paper. Owing to the successful synthesis of ultralong hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanowires as a new kind of inorganic nanofiber material, it becomes possible to develop a new kind of super-durable and fire-resistant paper. Recently, the authors' research group prepared a new kind of fire-resistant "Xuan paper" consisting of ultralong HAP nanowires. In this article, the super-durable fire-resistant "Xuan paper" based on ultralong HAP nanowires and the traditional Xuan paper based on cellulose fibers were evaluated by the accelerated aging method for 1200 days at 105 °C in air, which is the equivalent of 10,000 years of natural aging in the ambient environment. The aging mechanism of the traditional Xuan paper was further investigated by studying the fiber length/width and their distributions, morphology, infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, H-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra, and C-nuclear magnetic resonance spectra of cellulose fibers before and after the accelerated aging. The durability, properties, and mechanism of the fire-resistant "Xuan paper" based on ultralong HAP nanowires during the accelerated aging were studied. The experiments reveal the reasons for the deteriorated properties and reduced durability by aging of the traditional Xuan paper based on cellulose fibers, and the mechanism for the super-durability and excellent performances of the fire-resistant "Xuan paper" based on ultralong HAP nanowires during the accelerated aging process.
纸张是一种以纤维素纤维为主要原料并添加一些添加剂制成的薄型非织造材料。纸张极易燃烧，导致无数珍贵古籍、文献和艺术作品在火灾中被损毁。近年来，研究人员为获得更耐用、阻燃的纸张付出了诸多努力。由于成功合成了超长羟基磷灰石（HAP）纳米线这种新型无机纳米纤维材料，开发一种新型超耐用且耐火的纸张成为可能。最近，作者所在的研究团队制备了一种由超长HAP纳米线组成的新型耐火“宣纸”。在本文中，基于超长HAP纳米线的超耐用耐火“宣纸”和基于纤维素纤维的传统宣纸在105℃空气中通过加速老化方法进行了1200天的评估，这相当于在环境中自然老化10000年。通过研究加速老化前后纤维素纤维的纤维长度/宽度及其分布、形态、红外光谱、热重分析、氢核磁共振谱和碳核磁共振谱，进一步探究了传统宣纸的老化机理。研究了基于超长HAP纳米线的耐火“宣纸”在加速老化过程中的耐久性、性能和机理。实验揭示了基于纤维素纤维的传统宣纸因老化导致性能劣化和耐久性降低的原因，以及基于超长HAP纳米线的耐火“宣纸”在加速老化过程中超耐久性和优异性能的机理。
