-Lyophilized Fruit Extract Attenuated Acute Redox-Homeostatic Imbalance via Mutagenic and Oxidative Stress Modulation in Mice Model on Gentamicin-Induced Nephrotoxicity.

Gentamicin (GM) administration is associated with decreased metabolism, increased oxidative stress, and induction of nephrotoxicity. L., containing flavonoids, anthocyanins, and phytosterols, possesses antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential. The present study aimed to investigate the nephroprotective and anti-inflammatory potential of lyophilized fruit extract () to reduce acute oxidative stress and residual toxicity of GM in a 7-day experimental model in Balb/c rodents. The extract was lyophilized (300 rpm; 10 min; -45 °C) to improve pharmacological properties. Balb/c mice were divided into four (n = 6) groups: controls; extract per os (120 mg kg day bw); GM (200 mg kg day bw) (4); and GM + therapy. The activities of antioxidant and renal enzymes, cytokines, and levels of oxidative stress biomarkers-Hydroxiproline, CysC, GST, KIM-1, PGC-1α, MDA, GSPx-were analyzed by ELISA tests. The ROS and RNS levels, as well as 5-MSL-protein oxidation, were measured by EPR spectroscopy. The antioxidant-protective effect of extract (120 mg kg) was demonstrated by reduced MDA, ROS, and RNS and increased activation of endogenous enzymes. Furthermore, extract significantly reduced the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-10, TNF-α, IFN-γ, and KIM-1 and regulated collagen/protein (PGC-1α and albumin) deposition in renal tissues. Histological evaluation confirmed that (120 mg kg) attenuated renal dysfunction and structural damage by modulating oxidative stress and acute inflammation and could be used as an anti-fibrotic alternative in GM nephrotoxicity.