Summat Rattana, Waiwut Pornthip, Daodee Supawadee, Nualkaew Natsajee, Phemphunananchai Khemjira, Arsito Puguh Novi, Chulikhit Yaowared, Montakantirat Orawan, Khamphukdee Charinya, Boonyarat Chantana
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand.
Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ubon Ratchathani University, Ubon Ratchathani 34190, Thailand.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 15;14(2):223. doi: 10.3390/plants14020223.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by a gradual decline in cognitive function, for which few effective treatments exist. This study investigated the neuroprotective potential of root extract and its key constituents (baicalein, chrysin, oroxylin A) against AD hallmarks. The extract and its constituents exhibited antioxidant activity in the DPPH assay. They inhibited β-amyloid aggregation as measured by the thioflavin T assay and acetylcholinesterase activity using the Ellman method. In cell culture models, extract showed an ability to protect neurons from the toxic effects of HO. Western blot analysis revealed the extract and its major active component, baicalein, downregulated pro-apoptotic markers (cleaved caspase-3, and BAX) upon HO exposure. Furthermore, they reduced the expression of amyloidogenic proteins (BACE1) and phosphorylated tau. These findings suggest that root extract, particularly baicalein, possesses multifaceted neuroprotective properties, targeting various aspects of AD pathogenesis, including oxidative stress, cholinergic dysfunction, β-amyloid formation, aggregation, and apoptosis. root thus warrants further investigation as a promising source of therapeutic agents for AD.
阿尔茨海默病（AD）是一种神经退行性疾病，其特征是认知功能逐渐下降，目前几乎没有有效的治疗方法。本研究调查了[植物名称]根提取物及其关键成分（黄芩素、白杨素、木犀草素A）对AD特征的神经保护潜力。提取物及其成分在DPPH试验中表现出抗氧化活性。通过硫黄素T试验测定，它们抑制了β-淀粉样蛋白的聚集，并使用埃尔曼法测定了乙酰胆碱酯酶活性。在细胞培养模型中，提取物显示出保护神经元免受HO毒性作用的能力。蛋白质免疫印迹分析显示，提取物及其主要活性成分黄芩素在HO暴露后下调了促凋亡标记物（裂解的半胱天冬酶-3和BAX）。此外，它们降低了淀粉样蛋白生成蛋白（BACE1）和磷酸化tau的表达。这些发现表明，[植物名称]根提取物，特别是黄芩素，具有多方面的神经保护特性，针对AD发病机制的各个方面，包括氧化应激、胆碱能功能障碍、β-淀粉样蛋白的形成、聚集和凋亡。因此，[植物名称]根作为AD治疗药物的一个有前景的来源值得进一步研究。
