Iqbal Noushina, Khan Nafees A
Department of Botany, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India.
Department of Botany, School of Chemical and Life Sciences, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi 110062, India.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;14(2):273. doi: 10.3390/plants14020273.
Plants face a range of environmental stresses, such as heat and drought, that significantly reduce their growth, development, and yield. Plants have developed complex signaling networks to regulate physiological processes and improve their ability to withstand stress. The key regulators of plant stress responses include polyamines (PAs) and gaseous signaling molecules (GSM), such as hydrogen sulfide (HS), nitric oxide (NO), methane (CH), carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO), and ethylene (ET). The functions of PAs and GSM in stress perception, signal transduction, and stress-responsive pathways have been explored. However, there is a lack of detailed, updated information on the interaction of PAs and GSM in the adaptation of drought and heat stress. This review explores the interaction between PAs and GSM for the adaptation to drought and heat stress. It explores their synergistic effects in mitigating the negative impacts of drought and heat stress on plant growth, development, and productivity. Moreover, a comprehensive analysis of physiological, biochemical, and molecular approaches demonstrates that their interaction activates key stress-responsive pathways, enhances antioxidant systems, and modulates gene expression. These combined effects contribute to improved drought and heat tolerance in plants. The information presented in the review provides valuable insights into plant stress resilience strategies and suggests potential measures for developing climate-resilient crops to address the increasing environmental challenges.
植物面临一系列环境胁迫，如高温和干旱，这些胁迫会显著降低其生长、发育和产量。植物已经形成了复杂的信号网络来调节生理过程并提高其抵御胁迫的能力。植物应激反应的关键调节因子包括多胺（PAs）和气态信号分子（GSM），如硫化氢（HS）、一氧化氮（NO）、甲烷（CH）、一氧化碳（CO）、二氧化碳（CO₂）和乙烯（ET）。已经对多胺和气态信号分子在胁迫感知、信号转导和应激反应途径中的功能进行了探索。然而，关于多胺和气态信号分子在干旱和热胁迫适应过程中的相互作用，缺乏详细的、最新的信息。本综述探讨了多胺和气态信号分子在适应干旱和热胁迫方面的相互作用。研究了它们在减轻干旱和热胁迫对植物生长、发育和生产力的负面影响方面的协同效应。此外，对生理、生化和分子方法的综合分析表明，它们的相互作用激活了关键的应激反应途径，增强了抗氧化系统，并调节了基因表达。这些综合效应有助于提高植物对干旱和热的耐受性。综述中提供的信息为植物应激恢复策略提供了有价值的见解，并提出了开发适应气候变化作物以应对日益增加的环境挑战的潜在措施。
