Li Guodong, Pu Shuangpeng, You Lisiyao, Gao Yuan, Zhong Yuexia, Zhao Huadong, Fan Dong, Lu Xiyan
College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, Xi'an 710069, China.
State Key Laboratory of Holistic Integrative Management of Gastrointestinal Cancers, Biotechnology Center, School of Pharmacy, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jan 3;17(1):58. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17010058.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMVs) are double-layered structures of nanoscale lipids released by gram-negative bacteria. They have the same membrane composition and characteristics as primitive cells, which enables them to penetrate cells and tissues efficiently. These OMVs exhibit excellent membrane stability, immunogenicity, safety, and permeability (which makes it easier for them to penetrate into tumour tissue), making them suitable for developing cancer vaccines and drug delivery systems. Recent studies have focused on engineering OMVs to enhance tumour-targeting capabilities, reduce toxicity, and extend circulation time in vivo. This article reviews the latest progress in OMV engineering for tumour treatment and discusses the challenges associated with the use of OMV-based antitumour therapy in clinical practice.
外膜囊泡（OMVs）是革兰氏阴性菌释放的纳米级脂质双层结构。它们具有与原始细胞相同的膜组成和特性，这使它们能够有效地穿透细胞和组织。这些OMVs表现出优异的膜稳定性、免疫原性、安全性和通透性（这使其更容易渗透到肿瘤组织中），使其适用于开发癌症疫苗和药物递送系统。最近的研究集中在对OMVs进行工程改造，以增强肿瘤靶向能力、降低毒性并延长其在体内的循环时间。本文综述了OMV工程在肿瘤治疗方面的最新进展，并讨论了基于OMV的抗肿瘤疗法在临床实践中使用时所面临的挑战。
