Andrade Adriana Souza, Bentes Aline Almeida, Diniz Lilian Martins, Carvalho Silvia Hees, Kroon Erna Geessien, Campos Marco Antonio
Instituto René Rachou/Fiocruz Minas, Belo Horizonte 30190-009, MG, Brazil.
Departamento de Pediatria, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte 30130-110, MG, Brazil.
Viruses. 2024 Dec 30;17(1):35. doi: 10.3390/v17010035.
The global number of COVID-19 deaths has reached 7 million, with 4% of these deaths occurring in children and adolescents. In Brazil, around 1500 children up to 11 years old died from the disease. The most common symptoms in children are respiratory, potentially progressing to severe illnesses, such as severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) and MIS-C. Studies indicate that comorbidities and genetic factors, such as polymorphisms in immune response genes, can influence the severity of COVID-19. This study investigates the occurrence of single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in innate immune response genes in children with COVID-19. Seventy-three samples were analyzed from children under 13 years old hospitalized at João Paulo II Children's Hospital due to COVID-19. The evaluated SNPs were (rs3764879), (rs2407992), (rs179008), (rs3775291), (rs8177374), and (rs1024611), considering four categories of severity: mild, moderate, severe, and critical COVID-19. To identify the SNPs, PCR and sequencing were performed. The frequencies of the SNPs obtained were not discrepant when compared to the frequencies described in the Global ALFA, Global 1000 Genomes, Global gnomAD, American 1000 Genomes, and American gnomAD databases, except for the SNP in TLR7. Comparing severe and critical cases to mild and moderate cases, we found a higher relative risk associated with mutations in , , , and ( < 0.05). No association was found for SNPs in and . Our analyses suggest an association between SNPs in innate immune response genes and severity of symptoms in children with COVID-19 (or SARS-CoV-2 infected children).
全球新冠死亡病例数已达700万，其中4%的死亡病例发生在儿童和青少年中。在巴西，约1500名11岁以下儿童死于该疾病。儿童中最常见的症状是呼吸道症状，可能进展为严重疾病，如严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）和儿童多系统炎症综合征（MIS-C）。研究表明，合并症和遗传因素，如免疫反应基因中的多态性，可影响新冠的严重程度。本研究调查新冠儿童先天免疫反应基因中单核苷酸多态性（SNP）的发生情况。对因新冠在若昂·保罗二世儿童医院住院的13岁以下儿童的73份样本进行了分析。考虑到新冠的轻度、中度、重度和危重症四类严重程度，评估的SNP有（rs3764879）、（rs2407992）、（rs179008）、（rs3775291）、（rs8177374）和（rs1024611）。为鉴定SNP，进行了聚合酶链反应（PCR）和测序。与全球ALFA、全球千人基因组、全球基因组聚集数据库（gnomAD）、美国千人基因组和美国gnomAD数据库中描述的频率相比，除了Toll样受体7（TLR7）中的SNP外，获得的SNP频率并无差异。将重症和危重症病例与轻症和中症病例进行比较，我们发现与（基因名未给出）、（基因名未给出）、（基因名未给出）和（基因名未给出）中的突变相关的相对风险更高（P<0.05）。未发现（基因名未给出）和（基因名未给出）中的SNP存在关联。我们的分析表明，先天免疫反应基因中的SNP与新冠儿童（或感染新冠病毒的儿童）的症状严重程度之间存在关联。
