Chen Ying, Yan Xia, Liu Jianjun, Bian Zhengxia, Yan Li
Endocrine Nephrology Department, Zhang Ye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, China.
Nursing Department, Zhang Ye People's Hospital Affiliated to Hexi University, Zhangye, Gansu, China.
Br J Hosp Med (Lond). 2025 Jan 24;86(1):1-14. doi: 10.12968/hmed.2024.0561. Epub 2025 Jan 20.
Diabetes is a chronic lifelong condition that requires consistent self-care and daily lifestyle adjustments. Effective disease management involves regular blood glucose monitoring and ongoing nursing support. Inadequate education and poor self-management are key factors contributing to increased mortality among diabetic individuals. Providing personalized guidance and behavioral interventions through continuous nursing care is crucial for achieving optimal glycemic control and fostering positive societal outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of an Omaha System-based continuous nursing model, implemented through the "Internet+" framework, on enhancing self-health management skills, glycemic control, and treatment adherence among patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This retrospective study analyzed clinical data of T2DM patients who visited the diabetes health management clinic of Zhang Ye People's Hospital affiliated to Hexi University between December 2023 and May 2024. Participants were categorized into intervention and control groups based on whether they received the "Internet+"-enabled Omaha System continuous nursing care model. Variables, including demographic characteristics, self-management behaviors, cognitive abilities, environmental factors, glycemic control indicators, and treatment adherence (medication compliance, dietary compliance, lifestyle adherence, and follow-up punctuality), were assessed and compared at baseline, 1 month, and 3 months post-intervention. The study included 52 patients in the intervention group and 68 in the control group. Baseline characteristics revealed no significant differences between the two groups ( > 0.05). At 1 and 3 months post-intervention, the intervention group exhibited significant improvements in self-management behaviors, cognitive abilities, environmental factors, and overall scores compared to baseline and the control group ( < 0.05). Fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels were also significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to baseline and the control group ( < 0.05). 3 months post-intervention, the intervention group demonstrated significantly higher adherence rates to dietary recommendations, healthy lifestyle practices, and treatment compliance compared to the control group ( < 0.05). The "Internet+"-based Omaha System continuous nursing model significantly enhances self-health management capabilities, stabilizes glycemic control, and promotes adherence to healthy behaviors among patients with T2DM. These findings highlight the potential of the model for broader clinical application in diabetes management.
糖尿病是一种慢性终身疾病，需要持续的自我护理和日常生活方式调整。有效的疾病管理包括定期血糖监测和持续的护理支持。教育不足和自我管理不善是导致糖尿病患者死亡率增加的关键因素。通过持续的护理提供个性化指导和行为干预对于实现最佳血糖控制和促进积极的社会成果至关重要。本研究旨在评估通过 “互联网 +” 框架实施的基于奥马哈系统的持续护理模式对提高 2 型糖尿病（T2DM）患者自我健康管理技能、血糖控制和治疗依从性的影响。这项回顾性研究分析了 2023 年 12 月至 2024 年 5 月期间在河西学院附属张掖市人民医院糖尿病健康管理门诊就诊的 T2DM 患者的临床数据。根据患者是否接受启用 “互联网 +” 的奥马哈系统持续护理模式，将参与者分为干预组和对照组。在干预前、干预后 1 个月和 3 个月评估并比较包括人口统计学特征、自我管理行为、认知能力、环境因素、血糖控制指标和治疗依从性（用药依从性、饮食依从性、生活方式依从性和随访准时性）等变量。该研究包括 52 名干预组患者和 68 名对照组患者。基线特征显示两组之间无显著差异（>0.05）。干预后 1 个月和 3 个月，与基线和对照组相比，干预组在自我管理行为、认知能力、环境因素和总体得分方面有显著改善（<0.05）。与基线和对照组相比，干预组的空腹血糖（FPG）水平也显著降低（<0.05）。干预后 3 个月，与对照组相比，干预组在饮食建议、健康生活方式实践和治疗依从性方面的依从率显著更高（<0.05）。基于 “互联网 +” 的奥马哈系统持续护理模式显著提高了 T2DM 患者的自我健康管理能力，稳定了血糖控制，并促进了对健康行为的依从性。这些发现突出了该模式在糖尿病管理中更广泛临床应用中的潜力。
