Forstmann Matthias, Sagioglou Christina
University of Zurich, Switzerland.
University of Innsbruck, Austria.
Curr Opin Psychol. 2025 Apr;62:101992. doi: 10.1016/j.copsyc.2025.101992. Epub 2025 Jan 15.
Recent research suggests that serotonergic psychedelics may simultaneously enhance connectedness to both social and natural worlds. This article synthesizes current evidence regarding psychedelics' effects on nature relatedness and social connectedness, examining underlying mechanisms through the framework of self-other overlap. Psychedelics appear to facilitate self-expansion through two complementary mechanisms: ego dissolution, which temporarily alters self-boundaries, and enhanced emotional processing, which increases empathic concern. While studies demonstrate promising effects, interpretation is complicated by methodological challenges including functional unblinding, reliance on self-reports, and small sample sizes. We propose a multidimensional model of connectedness that distinguishes between perceptual, emotional, and epistemic domains, each showing distinct patterns in acute and enduring effects. Future research would benefit from behavioral measures, active placebos, and careful consideration of contextual factors.
最近的研究表明，血清素能致幻剂可能同时增强与社会和自然世界的联系。本文综合了关于致幻剂对与自然的关联和社会联系影响的现有证据，通过自我-他人重叠的框架研究其潜在机制。致幻剂似乎通过两种互补机制促进自我扩展：自我消解，即暂时改变自我边界；以及增强情绪处理，即增加共情关注。虽然研究显示出有前景的效果，但由于包括功能非盲法、依赖自我报告和样本量小等方法学挑战，解释变得复杂。我们提出了一个联系的多维模型，该模型区分了感知、情感和认知领域，每个领域在急性和持久效应中都呈现出不同的模式。未来的研究将受益于行为测量、活性安慰剂以及对背景因素的仔细考虑。
