Zhang Wan-Yu, Wang Han-Bi, Deng Cheng-Yan
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100730, China.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing 100730, China.
World J Stem Cells. 2025 Jan 26;17(1):97905. doi: 10.4252/wjsc.v17.i1.97905.
Endometrial injury caused by repeated uterine procedures, infections, inflammation, or uterine artery dysfunction can deplete endometrial stem/progenitor cells and impair regeneration, thereby diminishing endometrial receptivity and evidently lowering the live birth, clinical pregnancy, and embryo implantation rates. Currently, safe and effective clinical treatment methods or gene-targeted therapies are unavailable, especially for severe endometrial injury. Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells and their extracellular vesicles are characterized by their simple collection, rapid proliferation, low immunogenicity, and tumorigenicity, along with their involvement in regulating angiogenesis, immune response, cell apoptosis and proliferation, inflammatory response, and fibrosis, Therefore, these cells and vesicles hold broad potential for application in endometrial repair. This article reviewed recent research on human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells as well as their extracellular vesicles in repairing endometrial injury.
反复的子宫手术、感染、炎症或子宫动脉功能障碍所导致的子宫内膜损伤会耗尽子宫内膜干/祖细胞并损害再生能力，从而降低子宫内膜容受性，并显著降低活产率、临床妊娠率和胚胎着床率。目前，尚无安全有效的临床治疗方法或基因靶向疗法，尤其是针对严重子宫内膜损伤的情况。脐带间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡具有采集简便、增殖迅速、免疫原性低、致瘤性低的特点，并且参与调节血管生成、免疫反应、细胞凋亡与增殖、炎症反应以及纤维化，因此，这些细胞和囊泡在子宫内膜修复方面具有广阔的应用潜力。本文综述了人脐带间充质干细胞及其细胞外囊泡在修复子宫内膜损伤方面的最新研究。
