Thimmegowda Umapathy, Dhamnekar Pradnya
Department of Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, RajaRajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Int J Clin Pediatr Dent. 2024 Dec;17(12):1346-1351. doi: 10.5005/jp-journals-10005-3011.
BACKGROUND/AIM: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a prevalent dental disease, influenced by genetic and environmental factors. Human leukocyte antigens (HLA) have been suggested as a predisposing factor. This study aims to estimate and correlate HLA-DR and HLA-DQ activity in the saliva of caries-active and caries-free children, potentially aiding disease diagnosis and prevention.
A comparative study was performed on 50 children, divided into two groups: caries-active and caries-free, consisting of 25 children each, aged 3-6 years. Unstimulated saliva samples were collected and subjected to enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) for analysis. HLA-DR and HLA-DQ levels will be estimated and correlated with caries score, age, and gender.
HLA-DR level was 33.032 ± 2.869 pg/mL in the caries-active group and 5.288 ± 0.960 pg/mL in the caries-free group, and was statistically significant at < 0.001. HLA-DQ isotype level was 5.603 ± 1.264 ng/L in the caries-active group and 4.596 ± 0.748 ng/L in the caries-free group, and was statistically significant at < 0.001. HLA-DR level showed a statistically significant positive moderate correlation with caries score ( < 0.001), whereas HLA-DQ levels demonstrated a positive very weak correlation with caries score and were not statistically significant. HLA-DQ was statistically significant at < 0.001 when compared between genders in the caries-active group.
Results suggest a substantial correlation between HLA-DR level and the severity of dental caries, and an increase in HLA-DR may be linked to an increase in caries severity. Thus, HLA-DR detection as a molecular biomarker for early diagnosis of ECC may be recommended.
Thimmegowda U, Dhamnekar P. Estimation and Correlation of Human Leukocyte Antigen-DR and Human Leukocyte Antigen-DQ in Children with and without Severe-early Childhood Caries: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(12):1346-1351.
背景/目的：幼儿龋（ECC）是一种常见的牙科疾病，受遗传和环境因素影响。人类白细胞抗原（HLA）被认为是一个易感因素。本研究旨在评估患龋活跃与无龋儿童唾液中的HLA - DR和HLA - DQ活性，并进行相关性分析，可能有助于疾病的诊断和预防。
对50名3至6岁儿童进行了一项对比研究，分为两组：患龋活跃组和无龋组，每组25名儿童。收集未刺激的唾液样本，采用酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）进行分析。评估HLA - DR和HLA - DQ水平，并与龋病评分、年龄和性别进行相关性分析。
患龋活跃组的HLA - DR水平为33.032±2.869 pg/mL，无龋组为5.288±0.960 pg/mL，差异有统计学意义（<0.001）。患龋活跃组的HLA - DQ同种型水平为5.603±1.264 ng/L，无龋组为4.596±0.748 ng/L，差异有统计学意义（<0.001）。HLA - DR水平与龋病评分呈显著正中度相关（<0.001），而HLA - DQ水平与龋病评分呈正非常弱相关，且无统计学意义。在患龋活跃组中，HLA - DQ在性别间比较差异有统计学意义（<0.001）。
结果表明HLA - DR水平与龋齿严重程度之间存在显著相关性，HLA - DR的升高可能与龋病严重程度增加有关。因此，推荐检测HLA - DR作为ECC早期诊断的分子生物标志物。
Thimmegowda U, Dhamnekar P. Estimation and Correlation of Human Leukocyte Antigen - DR and Human Leukocyte Antigen - DQ in Children with and without Severe - early Childhood Caries: A Randomized Clinical Trial. Int J Clin Pediatr Dent 2024;17(12):1346 - 1351.
