The accurate detection of x-rays enables broad applications in various fields, including medical radiography, safety and security screening, and nondestructive inspection. Medical imaging procedures require the x-ray detection devices operating with low doses and high efficiency to reduce radiation health risks, as well as expect the flexible or wearable ones that offer more comfortable and accurate diagnosis experiences. Recently, halide perovskites have shown promising potential in high-performance, cost-effective x-ray detection owing to their attractive features, such as strong x-ray absorption, high-mobility-lifetime product, tunable bandgap, fast response, as well as low-cost raw materials, facile processing, and excellent flexibility. In this review, we comprehensively summarize the recent advances in halide perovskite x-ray detectors and imaging, focusing on their application potential in medical imaging technology. We highlight the recent demonstrations and optimizations of halide perovskite x-ray detectors and imaging and their application in medical radiography. Finally, we conclude by pointing out the challenges of perovskite x-ray detection devices for the clinical practical applications and by sharing our perspectives on the potential solutions for driving the field forward.