Stabilization of [(N)BX] and [(N)BX] (X = H, F, Cl, Br) by Conjugation and Hyperconjugation Effects.

The isolation of nucleophilic boron bases has led to a paradigm shift in boron chemistry. Previous studies of the bis(carbene) borylene complexes revealed that these compounds possess strong donor abilities, and their reaction inertness is due to the large steric hindrance between boron reagents and reactant. In the present study, we have theoretically studied the [(N)BX] and [(N)BX] compounds (X = H, F, Cl, Br). Their electronic structures and properties are discussed by using the NBO, LOL, and ELF methods. We found that both π-conjugation and hyperconjugation effects can effectively stabilize the substituted nucleophilic anionic boron compounds [(N)BX] and [(N)BX]. Substituents, especially X = H, stabilize the boron center through highly delocalized π-bonding, involving the formally "empty" in-plane orbitals of the boron atom. While the halogen substituents have high electron withdrawal ability, leading to systems being less stable, we suggest the borinium anions [(N)BH] and [(N)BH] as possible synthetic targets of novel environmentally friendly catalysts.