Suryavanshi Arpitha, Chandrashekarmath Anusha, Pandey Nivedita, Balaram Hemalatha
Molecular Biology and Genetics Unit, Jawaharlal Nehru Centre for Advanced Scientific Research, Jakkur, Bangalore 560064, India.
ACS Infect Dis. 2025 Feb 14;11(2):335-349. doi: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.4c00788. Epub 2025 Jan 27.
The complete tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, comprising a series of 8 oxidative reactions, occurs in most eukaryotes in the mitochondria and in many prokaryotes. The net outcome of these 8 chemical reactions is the release of the reduced electron carriers NADH and FADH, water, and carbon dioxide. The parasites of the ., belonging to the phylum Apicomplexa, have all the genes for a complete TCA cycle. The parasite completes its life cycle across two hosts, the insect vector mosquito and a range of vertebrate hosts including humans. As the niches that the parasite invades and occupies in the two hosts vary dramatically in their biochemical nature and availability of nutrients, the parasite's energy metabolism has been accordingly adapted to its host environment. One such pathway that shows extensive metabolic plasticity in parasites of the . is the TCA cycle. Recent studies using isotope-tracing targeted-metabolomics have highlighted conserved and parasite-specific features in the TCA cycle. This Review provides a comprehensive summary of what is known of this central pathway in the .
完整的三羧酸（TCA）循环由一系列8个氧化反应组成，发生在大多数真核生物的线粒体以及许多原核生物中。这8个化学反应的最终结果是释放出还原型电子载体NADH和FADH、水以及二氧化碳。属于顶复门的疟原虫拥有完整TCA循环的所有基因。疟原虫在两个宿主（昆虫媒介蚊子和包括人类在内的一系列脊椎动物宿主）间完成其生命周期。由于疟原虫在这两个宿主中侵入和占据的生态位在生化性质和营养物质可用性方面差异巨大，疟原虫的能量代谢也相应地适应了其宿主环境。疟原虫中显示出广泛代谢可塑性的一条途径就是TCA循环。最近使用同位素示踪靶向代谢组学的研究突出了TCA循环中的保守特征和疟原虫特异性特征。本综述全面总结了关于疟原虫中这一核心途径的已知情况。
