Abedi Atefeh, Sharifi Simin, Baghban Shaker Mahsa, Jalili Maryam, Maleki Dizaj Solmaz, Dalir Abdolahinia Elaheh
Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
Dental and Periodontal Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.
BMC Biotechnol. 2025 Jan 27;25(1):12. doi: 10.1186/s12896-025-00946-w.
Tissue engineering for bone regeneration aims to heal severe bone injuries. This study aimed to prepare and assess the early osteogenic differentiation effects of a gelatin/calcium phosphate- Punica granatum nanocomposite scaffold on stem cells from human exfoliated deciduous (SHED) and human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs).
The electrospinning method was used to prepare a gelatin/calcium phosphate nanocomposite scaffold containing pomegranate (Punica granatum) extract. The physicochemical properties of the scaffold were evaluated. The effect of the scaffold on the selected cells was done by the cell viability evaluation. A special alkaline phosphatase (ALP) kit was utilized to investigate the early osteogenic differentiation effects of the prepared scaffold on HDPSCs and SHED.
The results showed that the scaffold had uniformly accumulated in the networked form. Besides, the prepared scaffold did not have beads (structural defects). No new interactions were observed in the spectroscopic spectra of the scaffold and these peaks showed the successful formation of the fibrous nanocomposite as well. Furthermore, cell viability percentage was significantly higher for the scaffold compared with the control group (cells without any material) for both HDPSCs and SHED. Early osteogenic differentiation results specified that the ALP activity was significantly higher for the scaffold compared with the control group (cells without any material) for both HDPSCs and SHED.
The appropriate physicochemical assay and cellular results (cell viability and early osteogenic differentiation) for the prepared fibrous nanocomposite showed that the use of this nanocomposite can be considered in the construction of various scaffolds in bone and dental tissue engineering.
用于骨再生的组织工程旨在治愈严重的骨损伤。本研究旨在制备并评估明胶/磷酸钙-石榴纳米复合支架对人脱落乳牙干细胞（SHED）和人牙髓干细胞（HDPSCs）的早期成骨分化作用。
采用静电纺丝法制备含石榴（Punica granatum）提取物的明胶/磷酸钙纳米复合支架。对该支架的物理化学性质进行评估。通过细胞活力评估来研究该支架对所选细胞的作用。使用一种特殊的碱性磷酸酶（ALP）试剂盒来研究制备的支架对HDPSCs和SHED的早期成骨分化作用。
结果表明，该支架以网络形式均匀堆积。此外，制备的支架没有珠子（结构缺陷）。在支架的光谱中未观察到新的相互作用，这些峰也表明成功形成了纤维状纳米复合材料。此外，对于HDPSCs和SHED，该支架的细胞活力百分比均显著高于对照组（无任何材料的细胞）。早期成骨分化结果表明，对于HDPSCs和SHED，该支架的ALP活性均显著高于对照组（无任何材料的细胞）。
所制备的纤维状纳米复合材料适当的物理化学分析和细胞结果（细胞活力和早期成骨分化）表明，在骨和牙科组织工程中构建各种支架时可考虑使用这种纳米复合材料。
