Qin Yan, Shang Lili, Wang Yanlin, Feng Min, Liang Zhaojun, Wang Nan, Gao Chong, Luo Jing
Shanxi Center for Clinical Laboratory, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
Department of Rheumatology, The Second Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, People's Republic of China.
J Inflamm Res. 2025 Jan 21;18:911-923. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S471266. eCollection 2025.
Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) share clinical features with primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS). This study aimed to identify altered serological parameters and potential biomarkers of IgG4-RD and pSS.
Forty IgG4-RD patients, 40 pSS patients, and 40 healthy controls (HC) were enrolled in this study. Routine serological parameters and clinical manifestations were assessed. IgG subclasses (IgGSc) were detected using a Siemens BN P, and lymphocyte subsets were analyzed using flow cytometry. Cytokines assays were performed using cytometric bead array.
Compared to pSS, IgG4-RD patients had higher IgG4 ( <0.001) and lower IgG1 ( =0.014). The natural killer (NK) cells ( = 0.004), CD4+ T cells ( = 0.028), and TBNK cells ( = 0.040) were increased in IgG4-RD compared to pSS. IgG4 used to differentiate IgG4-RD from pSS produced an area under the curve (AUC) of up to 0.952. In addition, we compared serum parameters, immune cells, and cytokines of IgG4-RDwith mouth dryness or eye dryness with those of pSS with the same symptoms, and similar serological changes were observed. IgG4-RD patients with mouth dryness had higher IgG4 ( <0.001) and Th cells ( = 0.016) but lower IgG1 ( = 0.009) compared to pSS with dry mouth. IgG4-RD patients with eye dryness had higher levels of IgG4 ( <0.001), Treg cells ( = 0.037), and NK cells ( = 0.017) than pSS patients with eye dryness. Moreover, IgG4-RD patients with mouth and eye dryness had higher levels of B ( = 0.006), Th ( = 0.026), Th2 ( = 0.007), and Treg cells ( = 0.028) than IgG4-RD patients without mouth and eye dryness.
Immune system disorder is an outstanding feature of IgG4-RD, and its feature differ from pSS. Assessment of immune status is important in the diagnosis and differential diagnosis of IgG4-RD.
免疫球蛋白G4相关疾病（IgG4-RD）与原发性干燥综合征（pSS）具有共同的临床特征。本研究旨在确定IgG4-RD和pSS中改变的血清学参数及潜在生物标志物。
本研究纳入了40例IgG4-RD患者、40例pSS患者和40例健康对照（HC）。评估常规血清学参数和临床表现。使用西门子BN P检测IgG亚类（IgGSc），并采用流式细胞术分析淋巴细胞亚群。使用细胞因子微珠阵列进行细胞因子检测。
与pSS相比，IgG4-RD患者的IgG4水平更高（<0.001），而IgG1水平更低（=0.014）。与pSS相比，IgG4-RD患者的自然杀伤（NK）细胞（=0.004）、CD4 + T细胞（=0.028）和TBNK细胞（=0.040）增加。用于区分IgG4-RD和pSS的IgG4产生的曲线下面积（AUC）高达0.952。此外，我们比较了有口干或眼干症状的IgG4-RD患者与有相同症状的pSS患者的血清参数、免疫细胞和细胞因子，观察到类似的血清学变化。与口干的pSS患者相比，口干的IgG4-RD患者的IgG4水平更高（<0.001），Th细胞水平更高（=0.016），但IgG1水平更低（=0.009）。与眼干的pSS患者相比，眼干的IgG4-RD患者的IgG4、调节性T（Treg）细胞（=0.037）和NK细胞水平更高（=0.017）。此外，有口干和眼干症状的IgG4-RD患者的B细胞（=0.006）、Th细胞（=0.026）、Th2细胞（=0.007）和Treg细胞水平高于无口干和眼干症状的IgG4-RD患者。
免疫系统紊乱是IgG4-RD的突出特征，其特征与pSS不同。免疫状态评估在IgG4-RD的诊断和鉴别诊断中具有重要意义。
