Miao Xin, Wu Lixing, Wang Kuiyue, Wang Yuhan, Zhang Linlin
Department of Nursing, School of Medical and Health Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, China.
Cardiovascular Medicine Department, Nanjing Lishui District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China.
Front Cardiovasc Med. 2025 Jan 13;11:1434149. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1434149. eCollection 2024.
Coronary atherosclerotic heart disease (coronary heart disease; CHD) is the leading cause of death in women worldwide, and the number of patients and deaths is increasing each year. Approximately 3.8 million women die from CHD every year globally. After menopause, estrogen levels decrease, and the risk of cardiovascular disease increases substantially; however, research on risk factors for CHD in postmenopausal women has been inconclusive.
To systematically evaluate the risk factors for CHD in postmenopausal women.
The PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, CBM, CNKI, and VIP databases were searched up to February 9, 2024, for studies on risk factors for CHD in postmenopausal women. Two researchers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and evaluated the quality of the included literature. STATA17.0 software was used for meta-analysis.
Nine studies involving 29,4103 patients were included. The results of the meta-analysis showed that history of six or more pregnancies (hazard ratio = 1.538, 95% confidence interval: 1.241%-1.906%) was significantly associated with risk of CHD ( < 0.05).
Multiple pregnancies are associated with CHD incidence and related mortality in postmenopausal women. In the future, more and higher quality studies are needed to further verify this conclusion.
冠状动脉粥样硬化性心脏病（冠心病；CHD）是全球女性死亡的主要原因，患者数量和死亡人数每年都在增加。全球每年约有380万女性死于冠心病。绝经后，雌激素水平下降，心血管疾病风险大幅增加；然而，关于绝经后女性冠心病危险因素的研究尚无定论。
系统评价绝经后女性冠心病的危险因素。
检索PubMed、Embase、Web of Science、CINAHL、CBM、CNKI和VIP数据库，检索截至2024年2月9日关于绝经后女性冠心病危险因素的研究。两名研究人员独立筛选文献、提取数据并评估纳入文献的质量。使用STATA17.0软件进行荟萃分析。
纳入9项研究，共294103例患者。荟萃分析结果显示，怀孕6次及以上（风险比=1.538，95%置信区间：1.241%-1.906%）与冠心病风险显著相关（<0.05）。
多次怀孕与绝经后女性冠心病发病率及相关死亡率有关。未来，需要更多更高质量的研究来进一步验证这一结论。
