Sardari Mahsa, Ghanati Faezeh, Mobasheri Hamid, Hajnorouzi Abazar
Department of Plant Biology, Faculty of Biological Science, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.
Laboratory of Membrane Biophysics and Macromolecules, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 28;15(1):3509. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-87762-6.
The effects of low-intensity ultrasound on plants such as piezoelectric and ultrasonic water baths, on plants have been extensively studied. However, the specific effect of airborne ultrasound on plant cells has yet to be reported. The present study was conducted to elucidate the physiological responses of plant cells to airborne US. Homogeneous suspension-cultured tobacco cells (Nicotiana tabacum L. cv Burley 21) were subjected to airborne US at 24 kHz in two pulsatile and continuous modes for 10 and 20 s. The study's outcome revealed that airborne US triggered the production of HO, elevated internal calcium concentration, and reduced antioxidant capacity upon cavitation. Alteration of covalently bound peroxidase and other wall-modifying enzyme activities was accompanied by reduced cellulose, pectin, and hemicellulose B but increased lignin and hemicellulose A. The biomass and viability of tobacco cells were also significantly decreased by airborne US, which ultimately resulting in PCD and secondary necrosis. The results highlight the potential risks of even short-time exposure to the airborne US on plant physiology and cell wall chemical composition raising significant concerns about its implications.
低强度超声对植物的影响，如压电式和超声波水浴对植物的影响，已得到广泛研究。然而，空气中超声波对植物细胞的具体影响尚未见报道。本研究旨在阐明植物细胞对空气中超声波的生理反应。将均匀悬浮培养的烟草细胞（烟草品种Burley 21）以24kHz的频率，在两种脉冲和连续模式下，分别处理10秒和20秒。研究结果表明，空气中超声波在空化作用下引发了羟基自由基的产生，提高了细胞内钙浓度，并降低了抗氧化能力。共价结合过氧化物酶和其他细胞壁修饰酶活性的改变伴随着纤维素、果胶和半纤维素B含量的降低，但木质素和半纤维素A含量增加。空气中超声波还显著降低了烟草细胞的生物量和活力，最终导致细胞程序性死亡和继发性坏死。结果凸显了即使短时间暴露于空气中超声波对植物生理和细胞壁化学成分的潜在风险，引发了人们对其影响的重大担忧。
