Najibzadeh Masoumeh
Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Arak University, Arak, 384817758, Iran.
Biol Trace Elem Res. 2025 Jan 29. doi: 10.1007/s12011-025-04529-w.
Contamination of aquatic ecosystems with heavy metals poses a significant global issue due to its hazardous effects and persistent accumulation in living organisms. This study analyzed 51 fish samples from two species of Black Fish, Capoeta saadii and Capoeta trutta, collected from Iran's Khorramroud River during the summer and fall of 2022 to assess heavy metal accumulation in their gill, liver, and muscle tissues. After biometry, the studied tissues of each fish were isolated to measure the concentration of heavy metals (cadmium (Cd), zinc (Zn), chromium (Cr), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), and nickel (Ni)). The tissue concentration of the studied metals was obtained by measuring in the inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES) device after chemical digestion. Based on the results of this study, muscle and liver tissues had the lowest and highest accumulation of heavy metals, respectively, with zinc concentration in the liver of C. saadii reaching 118.557 mg/kg, which exceeds the permissible limit of 75 mg/kg. Also, there was no significant correlation between the amount of absorption of heavy elements and the biometric indicators of body weight and length. Although C. saadii accumulated higher levels of Zn, Cu, Cd, and Cr than C. trutta, statistical analysis (ANOVA and PCA) revealed no significant differences in heavy metal accumulation between the two species (P > 0.05). Comparisons with international standards indicated that chromium (2.10-9.97 mg/kg) and zinc concentrations (41.72-118.557 mg/kg) exceeded permissible limits, while Ni, Cu, Pb, and Cr levels remained below the allowable thresholds. These findings underscore the need for strategic planning, management, and continuous environmental monitoring to mitigate heavy metal pollution in aquatic ecosystems and safeguard the health of fish populations in the Khorramroud River.
重金属对水生生态系统的污染因其有害影响以及在生物体内的持续积累而成为一个重大的全球性问题。本研究分析了2022年夏秋季节从伊朗霍拉穆德河采集的51份来自两种黑鱼（萨阿迪氏突吻鱼和特鲁塔突吻鱼）的鱼类样本，以评估它们鳃、肝脏和肌肉组织中的重金属积累情况。在进行生物测量后，分离出每条鱼的研究组织以测量重金属（镉（Cd）、锌（Zn）、铬（Cr）、铅（Pb）、铜（Cu）和镍（Ni））的浓度。在化学消解后，通过电感耦合等离子体发射光谱仪（ICP - OES）测量获得所研究金属的组织浓度。基于本研究结果，肌肉和肝脏组织中重金属积累分别最低和最高，萨阿迪氏突吻鱼肝脏中的锌浓度达到118.557毫克/千克，超过了75毫克/千克的允许限值。此外，重金属吸收量与体重和体长的生物测量指标之间没有显著相关性。尽管萨阿迪氏突吻鱼积累的锌、铜、镉和铬水平比特鲁塔突吻鱼高，但统计分析（方差分析和主成分分析）表明两种鱼之间的重金属积累没有显著差异（P > 0.05）。与国际标准比较表明，铬（2.10 - 9.97毫克/千克）和锌浓度（41.72 - 118.557毫克/千克）超过了允许限值，而镍、铜、铅和铬水平仍低于允许阈值。这些发现强调了需要进行战略规划、管理和持续的环境监测，以减轻水生生态系统中的重金属污染，并保障霍拉穆德河鱼类种群的健康。
