临床护理实践中的种族主义：一项定性研究。
Racism in clinical nursing practice: a qualitative study.
作者信息
Crenshaw Nichole, Lewis LaToya, Foronda Cynthia L
机构信息
University of Miami School of Nursing and Health Studies, Coral Gables, USA.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Jan 28;24(1):105. doi: 10.1186/s12912-024-02521-8.
BACKGROUND
Racism in healthcare has led to disparate health outcomes amongst people of color. The construct of racism may be misunderstood, and research is lacking about the actions nurses can in the clinical setting take to reduce racism. The purpose of the study was to determine behaviors demonstrative of racism in nursing care and behaviors that are demonstrative of culturally humble nursing care to develop an awareness of racial bias in nursing to inform future educational practices.
METHODS
A qualitative, descriptive design was used with 10 doctoral-prepared nurses of color with expertise in diversity, equity, inclusion, and social determinants of health.
FINDINGS
Three overarching themes emerged: (1) Experience of Racism as a Nurse of Color (with subthemes of False Assumptions/ Negative Stereotyping, Discrediting/Unheard, and Rejection), (2) Experience of Racism as a Patient of Color (with subthemes of False Assumptions/Negative Stereotyping, Inequitable Treatment/ Lack of Care, and Dismissing/Ignoring or Not Believing), and (3) Culturally Humble Care (with subthemes of Asking, Active Listening, Caring Body Language, Individualized Care, and Respect).
CONCLUSIONS
Study findings may be used to inform and improve nursing practice to reduce racism and decrease health disparities.
背景
医疗保健中的种族主义导致有色人种的健康结果存在差异。种族主义的概念可能被误解，并且缺乏关于护士在临床环境中可以采取哪些行动来减少种族主义的研究。该研究的目的是确定护理中表现出种族主义的行为以及表现出文化谦逊护理的行为，以提高对护理中种族偏见的认识，为未来的教育实践提供信息。
方法
采用定性描述性设计，对10名具有多样性、公平性、包容性和健康社会决定因素专业知识的有色人种博士学历护士进行研究。
结果
出现了三个总体主题：（1）作为有色人种护士的种族主义经历（子主题包括错误假设/负面刻板印象、诋毁/不被倾听、拒绝），（2）作为有色人种患者的种族主义经历（子主题包括错误假设/负面刻板印象、不公平待遇/缺乏护理、忽视/不理会或不相信），以及（3）文化谦逊护理（子主题包括询问、积极倾听、关怀的肢体语言、个性化护理和尊重）。
结论
研究结果可用于为护理实践提供信息并加以改进，以减少种族主义并缩小健康差距。
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