Wesselink Amelia K, Johannesen Benjamin R, Wang Tanran R, Ketzel Matthias, Mikkelsen Ellen M, Brandt Jørgen, Khan Jibran, Hertel Ole, Laursen Anne Sofie Dam, Willis Mary D, Levy Jonathan I, Rothman Kenneth J, Sørensen Henrik T, Wise Lauren A, Hatch Elizabeth E
Department of Epidemiology, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Clinical Medicine, Aarhus University and Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.
Paediatr Perinat Epidemiol. 2025 Mar;39(3):256-261. doi: 10.1111/ppe.13174. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Epidemiologic studies have demonstrated that ambient concentrations of particulate matter < 2.5 μm (PM) are associated with reduced fecundability, the per cycle probability of conception. The specific constituents driving this association are unknown.
We examined the association between ambient concentrations of PM constituents and fecundability in a Danish preconception cohort study.
During 2007-2018, we enrolled female pregnancy planners in an Internet-based preconception cohort study. We included the 5905 participants who had been trying to conceive for < 3 cycles at study enrollment. Participants completed a baseline questionnaire and follow-up questionnaires every 8 weeks to update pregnancy status. We geocoded time-varying residential addresses to estimate ambient concentrations of total PM and the following PM constituents: elemental carbon (EC), primary organic aerosol (POA), secondary organic aerosols (SOA), sulfate (SO ), ammonium (NH ), nitrate (NO ), and sea salt. We averaged concentrations of each pollutant across each menstrual cycle at risk. We fit proportional probabilities regression models to estimate fecundability ratios (FR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders and co-pollutants.
Total PM concentrations were associated with reduced fecundability (the FR for an IQR increase, corresponding to 3.2 μg/m, was 0.93 [95% CI 0.87, 0.99]). The association was strongest for POA: the FR for an IQR increase, corresponding to 1.3 μg/m, was 0.92 (95% CI 0.84, 1.01). The corresponding FRs for the remaining PM constituents were 0.96 (95% CI 0.87, 1.05) for EC (IQR = 0.5 μg/m), 0.98 (95% CI 0.91, 1.06) for SOA (IQR = 0.5), 0.97 (95% CI 0.92, 1.02) for SO (IQR = 0.4), 0.95 (95% CI 0.91, 1.01) for NH (IQR = 0.5), 0.97 (95% CI 0.93, 1.01) for NO (IQR = 1.0), and 1.00 (95% CI 0.95, 1.06) for sea salt (IQR = 0.4).
In this Danish preconception cohort study, PM constituents derived from biomass and transportation-related combustion may drive the association between PM concentrations and fecundability.
流行病学研究表明，环境中直径小于2.5微米的颗粒物（PM）浓度与生育力降低有关，生育力是指每个周期受孕的概率。导致这种关联的具体成分尚不清楚。
在一项丹麦孕前队列研究中，我们研究了环境中PM成分浓度与生育力之间的关联。
在2007年至2018年期间，我们在一项基于互联网的孕前队列研究中招募了有怀孕计划的女性。我们纳入了5905名在研究入组时尝试受孕少于3个周期的参与者。参与者完成了一份基线问卷，并每8周填写一份随访问卷以更新怀孕状态。我们对随时间变化的居住地址进行地理编码，以估计总PM以及以下PM成分的环境浓度：元素碳（EC）、一次有机气溶胶（POA）、二次有机气溶胶（SOA）、硫酸盐（SO ）、铵（NH ）、硝酸盐（NO ）和海盐。我们计算了每个处于风险中的月经周期内每种污染物的平均浓度。我们拟合了比例概率回归模型以估计生育力比值（FR）和95%置信区间（CI），并对潜在的混杂因素和共污染物进行了调整。
总PM浓度与生育力降低有关（四分位距增加对应的FR，相当于3.2微克/立方米，为0.93 [95% CI 0.87, 0.99]）。POA的关联最强：四分位距增加对应的FR，相当于1.3微克/立方米，为0.92（95% CI 0.84, 1.01）。其余PM成分的相应FR分别为：EC（四分位距 = 0.5微克/立方米）为0.96（95% CI 0.87, 1.05），SOA（四分位距 = 0.5）为0.98（95% CI 0.91, 1.06），SO （四分位距 = 0.4）为0.97（95% CI 0.92, 1.02），NH （四分位距 = 0.5）为0.95（95% CI 0.91, 1.01），NO （四分位距 = 1.0）为0.97（95% CI 0.93, 1.01），海盐（四分位距 = 0.4）为1.00（95% CI 0.95, 1.06）。
在这项丹麦孕前队列研究中，源自生物质和交通相关燃烧的PM成分可能导致了PM浓度与生育力之间的关联。
