Niu Li, Zhang Jie, Lu Chun-Liu, Zhang Yong, Mo Xin-Xin, Xu Rong, Luo Hong-Ye
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang, Jiangxi, China.
Center for Health Statistics and Information, Health Commission of Guangxi, Nanning, Guangxi, China.
Front Public Health. 2025 Jan 14;12:1466083. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1466083. eCollection 2024.
The aging population presents a significant public health challenge, particularly concerning mental health and injury prevention. Anxiety and depression are common among the older adult, affecting their quality of life and increasing the risk of unintentional injuries (UI). This study aims to explore the association between anxiety and depression and UI risk among the older adult in Guangxi, China, using data from the 2023 National Health Service Survey.
A cross-sectional design was employed, analyzing data from 2,894 participants aged 60 and above in Guangxi. The primary variables were anxiety and depression, assessed via validated scales, with UI as the dependent variable. Logistic regression was used to estimate crude and adjusted odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI), adjusting for potential confounders such as age, gender, socioeconomic status, and lifestyle factors.
Significant findings indicate that individuals with anxiety and depression had nearly double the risk of UI compared to those without these conditions (adj. OR = 1.92, 95% CI: 1.42-2.6, < 0.001). Alcohol consumption was also associated with higher UI risk (adj. OR = 1.46, 95% CI: 1.05-2.03, = 0.023). Females had a significantly higher adjusted odds of UI compared to males (adj. OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.03-1.84, = 0.029), and rural residents were more likely to experience UI than urban dwellers (adj. OR = 1.38, 95% CI: 1.05-1.82, = 0.02). Exercise frequency was inversely related to UI risk, with those exercising 1-2 times per week having reduced odds (adj. OR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.22-0.98, = 0.044). Other factors such as age, marital status, hypertension, diabetes, and main caregiver showed no significant associations with UI.
Addressing mental health issues and promoting moderate exercise may help reduce UI risk in the older adult. Policies should focus on enhancing mental health services and injury prevention programs, particularly in rural settings, to improve the overall health and safety of the aging population in Guangxi.
人口老龄化给公共卫生带来了重大挑战，尤其是在心理健康和伤害预防方面。焦虑和抑郁在老年人中很常见，会影响他们的生活质量，并增加意外伤害的风险。本研究旨在利用2023年国家卫生服务调查的数据，探讨中国广西老年人焦虑和抑郁与意外伤害风险之间的关联。
采用横断面设计，分析广西2894名60岁及以上参与者的数据。主要变量为焦虑和抑郁，通过有效量表进行评估，意外伤害作为因变量。采用逻辑回归估计粗比值比（OR）和调整后的比值比，并计算95%置信区间（CI），对年龄、性别、社会经济地位和生活方式因素等潜在混杂因素进行调整。
重要发现表明，与没有焦虑和抑郁的人相比，患有焦虑和抑郁的人发生意外伤害的风险几乎高出一倍（调整后的OR = 1.92，95% CI：1.42 - 2.6，P < 0.001）。饮酒也与较高的意外伤害风险相关（调整后的OR = 1.46，95% CI：1.05 - 2.03，P = 0.023）。女性发生意外伤害的调整后比值比显著高于男性（调整后的OR = 1.38，95% CI：1.03 - 1.84，P = 0.029），农村居民比城市居民更易发生意外伤害（调整后的OR = 1.38，95% CI：1.05 - 1.82，P = 0.02）。锻炼频率与意外伤害风险呈负相关，每周锻炼1 - 2次的人发生意外伤害的几率降低（调整后的OR = 0.46，95% CI：0.22 - 0.98，P = 0.044）。年龄、婚姻状况、高血压、糖尿病和主要照顾者等其他因素与意外伤害无显著关联。
解决心理健康问题并促进适度锻炼可能有助于降低老年人的意外伤害风险。政策应侧重于加强心理健康服务和伤害预防计划，特别是在农村地区，以改善广西老年人口的整体健康和安全状况。
