Gangwar Tanuj, Poonia Neelam, Subudhi Rudra Narayan, Arora Vimal
University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Gharuan, Mohali, Punjab, India.
Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, J.S. University, Shikohabad, Uttar Pradesh, India.
Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol. 2025 Jan 29. doi: 10.1007/s00210-025-03811-x.
Ulcerative colitis is a long-term inflammatory colon illness that significantly affects patients quality of life. Traditional medicines and therapies often come with challenges such as side effects, instability, unpredictability, and high costs. This has captured interest in natural products that have huge health benefits. Various natural compounds, including resveratrol, curcumin, quercetin, berberine, and hesperidin demonstrate immunomodulatory and oxido-inflammatory properties inside the gut epithelium, showing potential in managing ulcerative colitis. These compounds attenuate inflammatory mediators, NF-κB, and TLR4 signaling leading to a reduction in the production of inflammation-related cytokines, including TNF-α and IL-6. They also augment the activity of internal defense compounds, including superoxide radical dismutase enzyme and heme oxygenase-1, thereby alleviating oxidative damage. In addition, natural compounds have a profound effect on the endogenous microbiota and thus, support mucosal healing and intercellular barrier integrity. Both experimental and clinical analyses provide evidence that these bioactive compounds may help reduce clinical manifestations, induce and sustain remission, and improve the well-being of individuals suffering from ulcerative colitis. This review seeks to discuss various aspects of natural compounds in the management of ulcerative colitis, including mechanisms, therapeutic prospects, and hurdles, and hence the basis for future research and practice.
溃疡性结肠炎是一种长期的结肠炎症性疾病，严重影响患者的生活质量。传统药物和疗法常常伴随着副作用、不稳定性、不可预测性和高成本等挑战。这引发了人们对具有巨大健康益处的天然产物的兴趣。包括白藜芦醇、姜黄素、槲皮素、黄连素和橙皮苷在内的各种天然化合物在肠道上皮细胞内表现出免疫调节和氧化炎症特性，显示出在治疗溃疡性结肠炎方面的潜力。这些化合物可减弱炎症介质、核因子κB和Toll样受体4信号传导，从而减少包括肿瘤坏死因子-α和白细胞介素-6在内的炎症相关细胞因子的产生。它们还增强包括超氧化物歧化酶和血红素加氧酶-1在内的内源性防御化合物的活性，从而减轻氧化损伤。此外，天然化合物对内源性微生物群有深远影响，因此有助于黏膜愈合和细胞间屏障完整性。实验分析和临床分析均提供证据表明，这些生物活性化合物可能有助于减轻临床表现、诱导并维持缓解，并改善溃疡性结肠炎患者的健康状况。本综述旨在讨论天然化合物在溃疡性结肠炎治疗中的各个方面，包括作用机制、治疗前景和障碍，从而为未来的研究和实践奠定基础。
