Tang Jieling, Zhou Chuandi, Ye Fuxiang, Zuo Sipeng, Zhou Min, Lu Linna, Chai Peiwei, Fan Xianqun
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Vision Health, China.
Department of Ophthalmology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Vision Health, China.
Prog Retin Eye Res. 2025 Mar;105:101335. doi: 10.1016/j.preteyeres.2025.101335. Epub 2025 Jan 27.
RNA methylation is a pivotal epigenetic modification that adjusts various aspects of RNA biology, including nuclear transport, stability, and the efficiency of translation for specific RNA candidates. The methylation of RNA involves the addition of methyl groups to specific bases and can occur at different sites, resulting in distinct forms, such as N6-methyladenosine (mA), N1-methyladenosine (mA), 5-methylcytosine (mC), and 7-methylguanosine (mG). Maintaining an optimal equilibrium of RNA methylation is crucial for fundamental cellular activities such as cell survival, proliferation, and migration. The balance of RNA methylation is linked to various pathophysiological conditions, including senescence, cancer development, stress responses, and blood vessel formation, all of which are pivotal for comprehending a spectrum of eye diseases. Recent findings have highlighted the significant role of diverse RNA methylation patterns in ophthalmological conditions such as age-related macular degeneration, diabetic retinopathy, cataracts, glaucoma, uveitis, retinoblastoma, uveal melanoma, thyroid eye disease, and myopia, which are critical for vision health. This thorough review endeavors to dissect the influence of RNA methylation on common and vision-impairing ocular disorders. It explores the nuanced roles that RNA methylation plays in key pathophysiological mechanisms, such as oxidative stress and angiogenesis, which are integral to the onset and progression of these diseases. By synthesizing the latest research, this review offers valuable insights into how RNA methylation could be harnessed for therapeutic interventions in the field of ophthalmology.
RNA甲基化是一种关键的表观遗传修饰，可调节RNA生物学的各个方面，包括核转运、稳定性以及特定RNA候选物的翻译效率。RNA的甲基化涉及将甲基基团添加到特定碱基上，并且可以发生在不同位点，从而产生不同的形式，如N6-甲基腺苷（m6A）、N1-甲基腺苷（m1A）、5-甲基胞嘧啶（m5C）和7-甲基鸟苷（m7G）。维持RNA甲基化的最佳平衡对于细胞存活、增殖和迁移等基本细胞活动至关重要。RNA甲基化的平衡与各种病理生理状况相关，包括衰老、癌症发展、应激反应和血管形成，所有这些对于理解一系列眼部疾病都至关重要。最近的研究结果突出了多种RNA甲基化模式在年龄相关性黄斑变性、糖尿病视网膜病变、白内障、青光眼、葡萄膜炎、视网膜母细胞瘤、葡萄膜黑色素瘤、甲状腺眼病和近视等眼科疾病中的重要作用，这些疾病对视力健康至关重要。这篇全面的综述旨在剖析RNA甲基化对常见和视力损害性眼部疾病的影响。它探讨了RNA甲基化在关键病理生理机制（如氧化应激和血管生成）中所起的细微作用，这些机制是这些疾病发生和发展所不可或缺的。通过综合最新研究，本综述为如何在眼科领域利用RNA甲基化进行治疗干预提供了有价值的见解。
