Yang Bingbing, Liu Yiqian, Jiang Ru-Jian, Lan Shun, Liu Su-Zhen, Zhou Zhifang, Dou Lvye, Zhang Min, Huang Houbing, Chen Long-Qing, Zhu Yin-Lian, Zhang Shujun, Ma Xiu-Liang, Nan Ce-Wen, Lin Yuan-Hua
State Key Laboratory of New Ceramics and Fine Processing, School of Materials Science and Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.
Key Laboratory of Materials Physics, Institute of Solid State Physics, HFIPS, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Hefei, China.
Nature. 2025 Jan;637(8048):1104-1110. doi: 10.1038/s41586-024-08505-7. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
Dielectric-based energy storage capacitors characterized with fast charging and discharging speed and reliability play a vital role in cutting-edge electrical and electronic equipment. In pursuit of capacitor miniaturization and integration, dielectrics must offer high energy density and efficiency. Antiferroelectrics with antiparallel dipole configurations have been of significant interest for high-performance energy storage due to their negligible remanent polarization and high maximum polarization in the field-induced ferroelectric state. However, the low antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase-transition field and accompanying large hysteresis loss deteriorate energy density and reliability. Here, guided by phase-field simulations, we propose a new strategy to frustrate antipolar ordering in antiferroelectrics by incorporating non-polar or polar components. Our experiments demonstrate that this approach effectively tunes the antiferroelectric-ferroelectric phase-transition fields and simultaneously reduces hysteresis loss. In PbZrO-based films, we hence realized a record high energy density among all antiferroelectrics of 189 J cm along with a high efficiency of 81% at an electric field of 5.51 MV cm, which rivals the most state-of-the-art energy storage dielectrics. Atomic-scale characterization by scanning transmission electron microscopy directly revealed that the dispersed non-polar regions frustrate the long-range antipolar ordering, which contributes to the improved performance. This strategy presents new opportunities to manipulate polarization profiles and enhance energy storage performances in antiferroelectrics.
基于电介质的储能电容器具有快速充放电速度和可靠性，在前沿电气和电子设备中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了实现电容器的小型化和集成化，电介质必须具备高能量密度和效率。具有反平行偶极配置的反铁电体因其可忽略的剩余极化和场致铁电态下的高最大极化而在高性能储能方面备受关注。然而，低反铁电 - 铁电相变场以及随之而来的大滞后损耗会降低能量密度和可靠性。在此，在相场模拟的指导下，我们提出了一种新策略，通过引入非极性或极性成分来抑制反铁电体中的反极有序。我们的实验表明，这种方法有效地调节了反铁电 - 铁电相变场，同时降低了滞后损耗。在基于PbZrO的薄膜中，我们因此在所有反铁电体中实现了创纪录的高能量密度，即189 J/cm³，并且在5.51 MV/cm的电场下具有81%的高效率，可与最先进的储能电介质相媲美。通过扫描透射电子显微镜进行的原子尺度表征直接揭示，分散的非极性区域抑制了长程反极有序，这有助于性能的提升。该策略为操纵极化分布和提高反铁电体的储能性能提供了新机会。
