Wiedenbrüg Kati, Will Laura, Reichert Lukas, Hacker Sebastian, Lenz Claudia, Zentgraf Karen, Raab Markus, Krüger Karsten
Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
German Sport University Cologne, Germany.
Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024 Oct 5;42:100872. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100872. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Functional cognition is relevant for athletic success and interdependent with physical exercise, yet despite repeatedly demonstrated inflammatory responses to physical training, there are no studies addressing the relationship between cognition and inflammation in athletes. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between cognitive performance and selected inflammatory, and further physiological biomarkers in elite athletes. Data from 350 elite athletes regarding cognitive performance (processing speed, selective attention, working memory, cognitive flexibility), systemic inflammatory markers, metabolic hormones, growth factors, tissue damage markers, and micronutrients (e.g., ferritin, 25-OH-vitamin D), as well as physiological, subjective ratings of recovery and stress were analysed by correlative and multiple regression analyses. Results show that across all athletes variance in processing speed, selective attention, and working memory, could be best explained through a combination of metabolic hormones with physiological and psychological indicators of stress, and in cognitive flexibility through vitamin D levels. Only for the subgroup of athletes from closed-skill sports, the ratio TNF-α:IL-10 significantly contributed to explanation of variance in working memory and cognitive flexibility. In general, found correlations point to the importance of inflammatory balance and sufficient long-term nutrient supply for unaffected cognitive performance.
功能性认知与运动成绩相关，且与体育锻炼相互依存。然而，尽管反复证明体育训练会引发炎症反应，但尚无研究探讨运动员认知与炎症之间的关系。本研究的目的是调查精英运动员认知表现与选定的炎症及其他生理生物标志物之间的关系。通过相关分析和多元回归分析，对350名精英运动员的认知表现（处理速度、选择性注意、工作记忆、认知灵活性）、全身炎症标志物、代谢激素、生长因子、组织损伤标志物和微量营养素（如铁蛋白、25-羟基维生素D）以及生理、主观恢复和压力评分数据进行了分析。结果表明，在所有运动员中，处理速度、选择性注意和工作记忆的差异，最好通过代谢激素与生理和心理压力指标的组合来解释，而认知灵活性则通过维生素D水平来解释。仅对于封闭技能运动项目的运动员亚组，TNF-α:IL-10比值对工作记忆和认知灵活性差异的解释有显著贡献。总体而言，发现的相关性表明炎症平衡和充足的长期营养供应对未受影响的认知表现的重要性。
