Esfand Shiba M, Querdasi Francesca R, Gancz Naomi N, Savoca Paul W, Nussbaum Siyan, Somers Jennifer A, Ditzer Julia, Figueroa Matthew B, Chu Kristen, Towner Emily, Callaghan Bridget L
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 502 Portola Plaza, Los Angeles, CA, 90095, USA.
Department of Psychological Sciences, Auburn University, 111 Thach Hall, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
Brain Behav Immun Health. 2024 Oct 5;42:100880. doi: 10.1016/j.bbih.2024.100880. eCollection 2024 Dec.
Experiences of caregiving-related adversity are common and one of the strongest predictors of internalizing psychopathology (i.e., anxiety and depression). Specifically, individuals who have been exposed to such early adversities have altered affective neurodevelopment, impaired memory systems, increased risk of developing internalizing disorders, greater inflammation, and differences in gastrointestinal (gut) microbiome composition. Crucially, the gut microbiome undergoes a sensitive period of development that precedes neural and immune sensitive periods, thus making it a potentially fruitful target for intervention. Though previous work has assessed neural, immune, and gut microbiome systems in individuals exposed to early adversity, studies have primarily looked at these biological systems independently. The Mind, Brain, and Body study (MBB) implements multimodal and longitudinal design to assess how changes in the gut microbiome following caregiving-related adversity may underlie altered affective neurodevelopment, memory, and immune functioning in youth and contribute to internalizing symptoms. Across three waves, spread approximately 12-18 months apart, youth with and without previous experiences of caregiving-related adversity completed self-report measures of mental and physical health, provided stool, saliva, hair, and blood samples, and completed an MRI scan. Results of this study will expand our knowledge on how the gut microbiome shapes several biological and cognitive systems and motivate future work investigating the gut microbiome as potential target for intervention.
与照料相关的逆境经历很常见，并且是内化性精神病理学（即焦虑和抑郁）最强的预测因素之一。具体而言，那些曾经历过此类早期逆境的个体，其情感神经发育发生了改变，记忆系统受损，患内化性障碍的风险增加，炎症加剧，并且胃肠道微生物群组成存在差异。至关重要的是，肠道微生物群在神经和免疫敏感期之前会经历一个敏感的发育阶段，因此使其成为一个潜在的有效干预靶点。尽管先前的研究已经评估了经历早期逆境的个体的神经、免疫和肠道微生物群系统，但研究主要是独立地观察这些生物系统。“心智、大脑和身体”研究（MBB）采用多模式和纵向设计，以评估与照料相关的逆境后肠道微生物群的变化如何可能是青少年情感神经发育、记忆和免疫功能改变的基础，并导致内化症状。在大约相隔12 - 18个月的三个阶段中，有和没有与照料相关逆境经历的青少年完成了心理健康和身体健康的自我报告测量，提供了粪便、唾液、毛发和血液样本，并完成了一次核磁共振成像扫描。这项研究的结果将扩展我们对于肠道微生物群如何塑造多种生物和认知系统的认识，并推动未来将肠道微生物群作为潜在干预靶点的研究工作。
