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抛光对锆合金-4纳米结构形态的影响：形成一种新型六边形纳米级图案。

Effect of polishing on the morphology of Zircaloy-4 nanostructure: formation of a novel hexagonal nanoscale pattern.

作者信息

Ali Ghafar, Khan Maaz, Anwar Shahzad, Alotaibi Khalid M, Safeen Kashif, Safeen Akif, Cho Sung Oh

机构信息

Nanomaterials Research Group (NRG), Physics Division, PINSTECH Nilore Islamabad 44000 Pakistan

Physics Department, Islamia College University Peshawar KPK Pakistan.

出版信息

RSC Adv. 2025 Jan 29;15(4):2618-2631. doi: 10.1039/d4ra03903c. eCollection 2025 Jan 23.

DOI:10.1039/d4ra03903c
PMID:39881998
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11775504/
Abstract

Zircaloy-4 (Zr-4) is widely used as the cladding material in nuclear power plants (NPPs) due to its excellent corrosion resistance and low neutron absorption cross-section. Under Loss of Coolant Accident (LOCA) conditions, oxidation of Zr-4 can compromise the safety of the NPPs by accelerating hydrogen production. Therefore, enhancing the oxidation resistance of Zr-4 is a critical research focus. Surface modification through a facile method offers a promising approach to address this issue. This study explores the impact of chemical, mechanical, and electropolishing (EP) pre-treatments on Zr-4 morphology before and after anodization. EP conducted in ethylene glycol monobutyl ether-perchloric acid electrolyte produced a mirror-like surface finish with hexagonal nanopattern formation under optimized conditions, as revealed by SEM studies. Anodization of the patterned surface in a glycerol-based electrolyte resulted in a hybrid (nanoporous and nanotubular) structure, unlike the nanotubular-only morphology observed in the chemically or mechanically polished samples. EDAX and XRD analyses confirmed the formation of ZrO. The hexagonal nanopattern generated by EP suppressed the dissolution of the nanotube during anodization, resulting in a hybrid nanostructure. Additionally, the chemical polishing of EP-treated Zr-4 in HF : HNO : HO generated a porous particulate structure due to selective etching. This work demonstrates that the surface pre-treatment significantly influences the morphology of anodized Zr-4 nanostructures and suggests the potential use of EP in other materials for hexagonal nanopattern generation.

摘要

锆合金-4（Zr-4）因其优异的耐腐蚀性和低中子吸收截面而被广泛用作核电站（NPPs）的包壳材料。在冷却剂丧失事故（LOCA）条件下，Zr-4的氧化会通过加速氢气产生而危及核电站的安全。因此，提高Zr-4的抗氧化性是一个关键的研究重点。通过简便方法进行表面改性为解决这一问题提供了一种有前景的途径。本研究探讨了化学、机械和电解抛光（EP）预处理对Zr-4在阳极氧化前后形貌的影响。扫描电子显微镜（SEM）研究表明，在乙二醇单丁醚-高氯酸电解液中进行的电解抛光在优化条件下产生了具有六边形纳米图案的镜面表面光洁度。与化学或机械抛光样品中仅观察到的纳米管形态不同，在甘油基电解液中对图案化表面进行阳极氧化产生了一种混合（纳米多孔和纳米管）结构。能量色散X射线光谱（EDAX）和X射线衍射（XRD）分析证实了ZrO的形成。电解抛光产生的六边形纳米图案抑制了阳极氧化过程中纳米管的溶解，从而产生了混合纳米结构。此外，在HF : HNO : HO中对经过电解抛光处理的Zr-4进行化学抛光，由于选择性蚀刻而产生了多孔颗粒结构。这项工作表明，表面预处理对阳极氧化Zr-4纳米结构的形貌有显著影响，并暗示了电解抛光在其他材料中用于生成六边形纳米图案的潜在用途。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/d514a767e04b/d4ra03903c-f12.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/c2c282c37a67/d4ra03903c-f5.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/136bbb66dc85/d4ra03903c-f6.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/b170fa4a6d34/d4ra03903c-f7.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/748ade2e20d3/d4ra03903c-f8.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/ea6508471f23/d4ra03903c-f9.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/276fe24038c2/d4ra03903c-f10.jpg
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https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/d274/11775504/d514a767e04b/d4ra03903c-f12.jpg

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