Takamaru Hiroyuki, Tsay Cynthia, Shiba Satoshi, Yachida Shinichi, Saito Yutaka
Endoscopy Division, National Cancer Center Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, USA.
J Anus Rectum Colon. 2025 Jan 25;9(1):20-24. doi: 10.23922/jarc.2024-080. eCollection 2025.
The tumor microenvironment has recently been well-studied in various gastrointestinal cancers, including colorectal cancer (CRC). The gut microbiota, a collection of microorganisms in the human gastrointestinal tract, is one of the microenvironments associated with colon carcinogenesis. It has been challenging to elucidate the mechanisms by which gut microbiota contributes to carcinogenesis and cancer progression due to complex interactions with the host, including its metabolites and immune and inflammatory responses. Various studies described the influence of diet on reported changes in the composition and microbiota of gut bacteria and its association with CRC. In recent years, metagenomic techniques such as shotgun sequencing and genome-wide association studies focused on understanding the role of the microbiota and the metabolome on early CRCs and colon carcinogenesis to determine if there are modifiable or intervenable targets for CRC. In this review, we will attempt to provide an overview of gut microbiota related to CRC, with particular attention to the findings of recent studies.
肿瘤微环境最近在包括结直肠癌（CRC）在内的各种胃肠道癌症中得到了深入研究。肠道微生物群是人类胃肠道中的微生物集合，是与结肠癌发生相关的微环境之一。由于与宿主的复杂相互作用，包括其代谢产物以及免疫和炎症反应，阐明肠道微生物群促进癌症发生和发展的机制一直具有挑战性。各种研究描述了饮食对所报道的肠道细菌组成和微生物群变化的影响及其与CRC的关联。近年来，诸如鸟枪法测序和全基因组关联研究等宏基因组技术专注于了解微生物群和代谢组在早期CRC和结肠癌发生中的作用，以确定是否存在CRC的可改变或可干预靶点。在本综述中，我们将尝试概述与CRC相关的肠道微生物群，特别关注近期研究的结果。
