Peng Yujia, Lu Jianqi, Fan Lingling, Zhou Jie, Dong Weiliang, Jiang Min
Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
Key Laboratory for Waste Plastics Biocatalytic Degradation and Recycling, College of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Materials-Oriented Chemical Engineering, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; Jiangsu National Synergetic Innovation Center for Advanced Materials (SICAM), Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China.
Waste Manag. 2025 Mar;195:32-43. doi: 10.1016/j.wasman.2025.01.040. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
As a promising alternative to traditional plastics, the widespread application of biodegradable plastic (BP) will help solve worsening environmental problems. Enzymes such as cutinase, lipase, protease and esterase produced by bacteria and fungi in the environment play a crucial role in the degradation, recycling and valorization of BP by degrading them into low-molecular-weight oligomers or small monomers. These enzymes offering advantages such as high efficiency, cleanliness, safety and environmental friendliness, making them more competitive in environmental restoration and circular economy. This review describes in detail the occurrence and distribution of enzymes involved in the degradation of BPs (represented by PHB, PLA and PCL). Omics methods (metagenomic and proteomic) combined with high-throughput platforms can screen out BP-degrading enzymes in different environments, and then use protein engineering to optimize the degrading enzymes to improve enzymatic degradation efficiency. Finally, we focus on the methods and strategies for the commercialization of degrading enzymes, future research prospects and challenges are also discussed. This review highlights the importance of BP-degrading enzymes in the bio-cycling of BP, and expected to drive the widespread use of BP.
作为传统塑料的一种有前景的替代品，可生物降解塑料（BP）的广泛应用将有助于解决日益恶化的环境问题。环境中细菌和真菌产生的角质酶、脂肪酶、蛋白酶和酯酶等酶在BP的降解、回收和增值过程中起着关键作用，它们将BP降解为低分子量的低聚物或小单体。这些酶具有高效、清洁、安全和环境友好等优点，使其在环境修复和循环经济中更具竞争力。本文详细描述了参与BP降解的酶（以PHB、PLA和PCL为代表）的发生和分布。组学方法（宏基因组学和蛋白质组学）与高通量平台相结合，可以筛选出不同环境中的BP降解酶，然后利用蛋白质工程优化降解酶，提高酶促降解效率。最后，我们重点关注降解酶商业化的方法和策略，还讨论了未来的研究前景和挑战。本文强调了BP降解酶在BP生物循环中的重要性，并有望推动BP的广泛应用。
