Sadikova Ekaterina, Oken Emily, Rifas-Shiman Sheryl L, Robinson Elise, Aris Izzuddin M, Tiemeier Henning
Department of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, 677 Huntington Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
Division of Chronic Disease Research Across the Lifecourse, Department of Population Medicine, Harvard Medical School and Harvard Pilgrim Health Care Institute, 401 Park Drive, Suite 401 East, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
J Affect Disord. 2025 May 1;376:52-58. doi: 10.1016/j.jad.2025.01.142. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Shorter weeknight sleep duration has not been assessed as a mediating mechanism linking earlier pubertal timing to a greater burden of adolescent depression symptoms.
Among 1138 participants (48.6 % female) from Project Viva, a pre-birth longitudinal cohort, we examined relationships among pubertal timing measures, actigraphy-captured and self-reported weeknight sleep duration across mid-adolescence, and depression symptoms in late adolescence. We assessed pubertal timing using age at peak height velocity, self-reported adrenarche (Tanner pubic hair stage) and parent-reported Pubertal Development Scale scores in early adolescence. Relationships were adjusted for age, sex, mid-childhood BMI, and socioeconomic status; effect modification by sex was considered throughout. The mediational g-formula estimated the indirect effect of pubertal timing on depression symptoms via weeknight sleep duration.
All measures of earlier pubertal timing predicted shorter actigraphy-measured sleep duration; self-reported adrenarche predicted self-reported sleep duration and depression symptoms. No effect modification by sex was found. In both sexes, a 1-stage advance in adrenarche was associated with less (-0.14 h (95 % CI -0.23,-0.05)) self-reported sleep on weeknights across the mid-adolescent years. The relationship between earlier adrenarche and depression symptoms was mediated by self-reported weeknight sleep duration - a decrease in sleep duration in mid-adolescent years attributable to a 1-stage advance in adrenarche increased depression symptoms by 0.22 points (95 % CI 0.08,0.40).
The geographic specificity and attrition in Project Viva limit the generalizability of our findings.
Maintaining adequate weeknight sleep across adolescent years may mitigate the impact of earlier adrenarche on depressed mood in late adolescence.
较短的工作日夜间睡眠时间尚未被评估为一种将青春期提前与青少年抑郁症状负担加重联系起来的中介机制。
在“活力计划”（一个产前纵向队列研究）的1138名参与者（48.6%为女性）中，我们研究了青春期发育时间测量指标、通过活动记录仪记录和自我报告的青春期中期工作日夜间睡眠时间以及青春期后期抑郁症状之间的关系。我们使用身高增长高峰时的年龄、自我报告的肾上腺初现（坦纳阴毛分期）以及父母报告的青春期早期青春期发育量表得分来评估青春期发育时间。对年龄、性别、儿童中期体重指数和社会经济地位进行了关系调整；自始至终都考虑了性别对效应的修饰作用。中介g公式估计了青春期发育时间通过工作日夜间睡眠时间对抑郁症状的间接影响。
所有青春期提前的测量指标都预示着活动记录仪测量的睡眠时间较短；自我报告的肾上腺初现预示着自我报告的睡眠时间和抑郁症状。未发现性别对效应的修饰作用。在两性中，肾上腺初现提前1个阶段与青春期中期工作日夜间自我报告的睡眠时间减少有关（-0.14小时（95%置信区间-0.23，-0.05））。较早的肾上腺初现与抑郁症状之间的关系是由自我报告的工作日夜间睡眠时间介导的——青春期中期由于肾上腺初现提前1个阶段导致的睡眠时间减少使抑郁症状增加了0.22分（95%置信区间0.08，0.40）。
“活力计划”的地理特异性和样本损耗限制了我们研究结果的普遍性。
在整个青春期保持充足的工作日夜间睡眠可能会减轻较早肾上腺初现对青春期后期抑郁情绪的影响。
