Rasooly Heshteli Roya, Paimard Giti, Adabi Mahdi, Esmaeili Saber
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatics, Research Centre for Emerging and Reemerging Infectious Diseases, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran; Student Research Committee, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran.
School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, School of Biomedical Engineering, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325027, China.
Anal Biochem. 2025 May;700:115782. doi: 10.1016/j.ab.2025.115782. Epub 2025 Jan 28.
Brucellosis, a significant zoonotic disease, poses a threat to both livestock and human health. Infections in livestock lead to abortion, infertility, and substantial economic losses in the industry. In humans, acute brucellosis can progress to a chronic condition, resulting in multisystemic infections with high morbidity and mortality rates. Additionally, the bioterrorism potential of certain Brucella species through aerosol transmission poses risks to laboratory workers and livestock handlers. Therefore, there is an urgent need for rapid and precise diagnosis of brucellosis in both animals and humans. Even with the availability of routine diagnostic techniques that are effective they frequently have some limitations. Biosensors, as innovative techniques, have demonstrated significant potential in detecting various pathogens with high efficiency. These biosensors can identify specific analytes, biomolecules of pathogenic bacteria, secreted antibodies against bacteria, and even the bacterial body in real time. Their high sensitivity, selectivity, and user-friendly configurations make them valuable tools for diagnostics. In this comprehensive review, beside the reviewing routine diagnostic tests for detecting brucellosis and discussing the positive and negative aspects of these methods, we explore different types of biosensors and their applications in diagnosing brucellosis. We hope to show how these advancements can result in quicker and more precise disease detection by offering a thorough evaluation of these technologies performance and contrasting it with more conventional diagnostic techniques. This improves patient outcomes by lowering the complications linked to delayed diagnosis in addition to advancing scientific knowledge of brucellosis.
布鲁氏菌病是一种重要的人畜共患病，对家畜和人类健康都构成威胁。家畜感染会导致流产、不孕，并给该行业带来巨大经济损失。在人类中，急性布鲁氏菌病可发展为慢性病，导致多系统感染，发病率和死亡率都很高。此外，某些布鲁氏菌通过气溶胶传播的生物恐怖主义潜力对实验室工作人员和家畜饲养者构成风险。因此，迫切需要对动物和人类的布鲁氏菌病进行快速准确的诊断。即使有有效的常规诊断技术，它们也常常存在一些局限性。生物传感器作为创新技术，在高效检测各种病原体方面已显示出巨大潜力。这些生物传感器可以实时识别特定分析物、致病细菌的生物分子、针对细菌分泌的抗体，甚至细菌本身。它们的高灵敏度、选择性和用户友好的配置使其成为诊断的宝贵工具。在这篇全面的综述中，除了回顾检测布鲁氏菌病的常规诊断测试并讨论这些方法的优缺点外，我们还探讨了不同类型的生物传感器及其在布鲁氏菌病诊断中的应用。我们希望通过对这些技术性能进行全面评估并将其与更传统的诊断技术进行对比，展示这些进展如何能实现更快、更精确的疾病检测。这除了推进布鲁氏菌病的科学知识外，还通过降低与延迟诊断相关的并发症来改善患者预后。
