Yang Jie, Wang Wenna, Lu Yizhen, Li Chunyao, Wei Shuwu, Sun Weiwei
Dongzhimen Hospital, Affiliated to Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100700, China.
Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100029, China.
BMC Endocr Disord. 2025 Jan 30;25(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s12902-025-01857-9.
To analyze the characteristics of pulmonary nodules (PNs) and related influencing factors in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Retrospectively analyzed the clinical and biochemical characteristics of 224 patients with PNs and 488 patients with non-PNs in patients with T2DM, and compared the clinical data of 72 patients with large nodules (≥ 5 mm) and 152 patients with small nodules (< 5 mm) in the pulmonary nodules (PNs) group.
Compared to the non-PNs group, the PNs Patients in the group had a longer duration of diabetes, higher age, serum creatinine (SCR), blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and the lower albumin (ALB) and body mass index (BMI); women, diabetic retinopathy (DR), diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN), and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 60 ml/min1.73m were more represented in the PNs group; there were fewer patients with overweight in the PNs group. Age and eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m were independent risk factors for PNs in patients with T2DM, and overweight was associated with a reduced risk of PNs. Compared with the small nodule group, patients in the large nodule group had higher fasting blood glucose (FBG) and lower fasting insulin (FINS); meanwhile, patients with decreased homeostasis model assessment-β (HOMA-β) and high smoking index (SI) were higher in the large nodule group; decreased HOMA-β and high SI were independent risk factors for large nodules.
Age and eGFR < 60 ml/min/1.73m were independent risk factors for pulmonary nodules in patients with T2DM, and overweight may be a protective factor. Moreover, decreased islet B-cell function and smoking may contribute to the presence of PNs with a diameter of over 5 mm.
分析2型糖尿病（T2DM）患者肺结节（PNs）的特征及相关影响因素。
回顾性分析224例T2DM合并PNs患者及488例T2DM未合并PNs患者的临床及生化特征，并比较PNs组中72例大结节（≥5mm）患者与152例小结节（<5mm）患者的临床资料。
与未合并PNs组相比，合并PNs组患者糖尿病病程更长、年龄更大、血清肌酐（SCR）、血尿素氮（BUN）更高，白蛋白（ALB）和体重指数（BMI）更低；PNs组女性、糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）、糖尿病周围神经病变（DPN）以及估算肾小球滤过率（eGFR）<60ml/min/1.73m²的患者更多；PNs组超重患者更少。年龄和eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m²是T2DM患者发生PNs的独立危险因素，超重与PNs风险降低相关。与小结节组相比，大结节组患者空腹血糖（FBG）更高，空腹胰岛素（FINS）更低；同时，大结节组中稳态模型评估-β（HOMA-β）降低和吸烟指数（SI）高的患者更多；HOMA-β降低和高SI是大结节的独立危险因素。
年龄和eGFR<60ml/min/1.73m²是T2DM患者发生肺结节的独立危险因素，超重可能是保护因素。此外，胰岛B细胞功能降低和吸烟可能促使直径超过5mm的PNs出现。
