埃塞俄比亚东部奇罗综合医院接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒/艾滋病成年患者的体重指数变化及预测因素：一项基于机构的回顾性队列研究

Body mass index changes and predictors among adults living with HIV/AIDS who are on anti-retroviral therapy at Chiro General Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia: a facility-based retrospective cohort study.

作者信息

Amsalu Sintayehu, Wilfong Tara, Amsalu Sewmehon, Oumer Abdu, Gebremichael Berhe

机构信息

Chiro General Hospital, West Hararge, Chiro, Ethiopia.

School of Public Health, Collage of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.

出版信息

BMC Nutr. 2025 Jan 30;11(1):26. doi: 10.1186/s40795-025-01011-7.

DOI:10.1186/s40795-025-01011-7

PMID:39885613

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11783704/

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Human immunodeficiency virus continues to be a major global public health issue. Body mass index is a general indicator of nutritional status and has emerged as a powerful predictor of morbidity and mortality among adult PLHIV initiating antiretroviral therapy in resource-limited settings. However, there is a dearth of information regarding longitudinal changes in body mass index and its predictors among adult PLHIV in Ethiopia, particularly in the study area. This study aimed to assess body mass index changes and their predictors among adults living with HIV/AIDS who were receiving on antiretroviral therapy at Chiro General Hospital, Eastern Ethiopia from August 15, 2023 to September 30, 2023.

METHODS

A Facility-based retrospective cohort study was implemented among 1049 randomly selected charts of adults living with HIV/AIDS. The data were collected by reviewing charts of clients and antiretroviral therapy registers. The data were entered into Epi data statistical software version 4.6 and exported to SPSS version 25 for analysis. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the characteristics of the patients. A linear mixed effect model was used to identify the predictors of body mass index change. A P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

RESULTS

Generally, in this study patients presented a linear increase in the mean BMI from 19 kg/m baseline to 21.2 kg/m at the 5th year of follow up. Moreover, the following variables were identified as independent predictors of BMI change: age (β = 0.58, 95% CI; 0.043, 0.072), marital status (β = -0.275, 95% CI: -0.457,-0.093 ), advanced WHO stage (β = -0.496, 95% CI: -0.548, -0.443 ), CD4 count (β = 0.001, 95% CI: 0.001, 0.001), duration of antiretroviral therapy (β = 0.005, 95% CI: 0.001,0.009), time of follow up (β = 0.205, 95% CI: 0.198,0.212), no ART shift (β = -0.844, 95% CI: -1.135, -0.552), no CPT (β = 0.591, 95% CI: 0.365,0.817), urban residence (β = 0.767, 95% CI:0.401,1.132) and good adherence to ART (β = 0.975, CI:0.302, 1.649).

CONCLUSION

There was a significant improvement in the mean BMI over time and a reduction in the rate of undernutrition during the follow-up period.

摘要

背景

人类免疫缺陷病毒仍然是一个主要的全球公共卫生问题。体重指数是营养状况的一般指标，已成为资源有限环境中开始接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的成年艾滋病毒感染者发病和死亡的有力预测指标。然而，关于埃塞俄比亚成年艾滋病毒感染者体重指数的纵向变化及其预测因素的信息匮乏，特别是在研究地区。本研究旨在评估2023年8月15日至2023年9月30日在埃塞俄比亚东部奇罗综合医院接受抗逆转录病毒治疗的艾滋病毒/艾滋病成年患者的体重指数变化及其预测因素。

方法

在1049份随机抽取的艾滋病毒/艾滋病成年患者病历中开展了一项基于机构的回顾性队列研究。通过查阅患者病历和抗逆转录病毒治疗登记册收集数据。数据录入Epi数据统计软件4.6版，并导出到SPSS 25版进行分析。描述性统计用于描述患者的特征。采用线性混合效应模型确定体重指数变化的预测因素。P值小于0.05被认为具有统计学意义。

结果

总体而言，在本研究中，患者的平均体重指数从基线时的19kg/m²线性增加到随访第5年时的21.2kg/m²。此外，以下变量被确定为体重指数变化的独立预测因素：年龄（β = 0.58，95%置信区间；0.043，0.072）、婚姻状况（β = -0.275，95%置信区间：-0.457，-0.093）、世界卫生组织晚期阶段（β = -0.496，95%置信区间：-0.548，-0.443）、CD4细胞计数（β = 0.001，95%置信区间：0.001，0.001）、抗逆转录病毒治疗持续时间（β = 0.005，95%置信区间：0.001，0.009）、随访时间（β = 0.205，95%置信区间：0.198，0.212）、未更换抗逆转录病毒治疗方案（β = -0.844，95%置信区间：-1.135，-0.552）、未接受复方新诺明预防性治疗（β = 0.591，95%置信区间：0.365，0.817）、城市居住（β = 0.767，95%置信区间：0.401，1.132）以及对抗逆转录病毒治疗的良好依从性（β = 0.975，置信区间：0.302，1.649）。