Zoa-Assoumou Samira, M'boyis-Kamdem Hervé, Mougola-Bissiengou Pélagie, Nzengui-Nzengui Guy Francis, Kombila-Koumavor Claudine, Mbani-Okouma Marina, Mourembou Gael, Ndjoyi-Mbiguino Angélique
University of Health Sciences, Department of Bacteriology-Virology, Libreville, Gabon.
University of Hassan II Casablanca, Faculty of Sciences and Technologies Mohammedia, Laboratory of Virology, Microbiology and Quality/Ecotoxicology and Biodiversity, Casablanca, Morocco.
IJID Reg. 2024 Sep 18;13:100448. doi: 10.1016/j.ijregi.2024.100448. eCollection 2024 Dec.
In Gabon, data on hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are limited to hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) detection among specific populations and rural regions. This is the first study aimed at determining the seroprevalence of HBV markers among the Gabonese population.
A retrospective study was conducted from January 2002 through December 2022. All patients who requested HBV marker screening (HBsAg, anti-HBc, anti-HBs, anti-HBe, hepatitis B e antigen) were included in this study.
A total of 496 people were included in this study. The prevalence of HBV exposure was high (59.5%) and significantly associated with age, sex, pregnancy status, and social status. Among individuals with evidence of HBV exposure, only 89 (33.7%) had effectively cleared the virus. Overall, HBsAg was detected in 108 of the 496 (21.8%) people included in the study. HBsAg infection was more common among individuals in the 16-25 (35.1%) and 26-35-year (30.6%) age groups. Moreover, most of HBsAg-infected patients were health care workers (HCWs) ( = 0.0096). Among the 496 individuals included in this study, 126 (25.4%) were still susceptible to HBV. Most of the susceptible female patients were pregnant ( <0.0001). HCWs had a significantly lower probability of being naïve to HBV infection ( = 0.0001). There was a similar prevalence of susceptibility in male and female patients (50 [24.5%] male and 76 [26.0%] female patients). Only 15.1% of the studied population was vaccinated.
Our findings revealed a high seroprevalence of HBV infection in the study area and very low HBV immunization coverage. Additional care and resources should be provided to promote HBV vaccination and block vertical HBV transmission.
在加蓬，关于乙型肝炎病毒（HBV）感染的数据仅限于特定人群和农村地区的乙型肝炎表面抗原（HBsAg）检测。这是第一项旨在确定加蓬人群中HBV标志物血清流行率的研究。
进行了一项从2002年1月至2022年12月的回顾性研究。所有要求进行HBV标志物筛查（HBsAg、抗-HBc、抗-HBs、抗-HBe、乙型肝炎e抗原）的患者均纳入本研究。
本研究共纳入496人。HBV暴露率很高（59.5%），且与年龄、性别、妊娠状态和社会地位显著相关。在有HBV暴露证据的个体中，只有89人（33.7%）有效清除了病毒。总体而言，在纳入研究的496人中，有108人（21.8%）检测出HBsAg。HBsAg感染在16 - 25岁（35.1%）和26 - 35岁年龄组（30.6%）的个体中更为常见。此外，大多数HBsAg感染患者是医护人员（HCWs）（P = 0.0096）。在本研究纳入的496人中，126人（25.4%）仍对HBV易感。大多数易感女性患者为孕妇（P < 0.0001）。医护人员对HBV感染无免疫力的概率显著较低（P = 0.0001）。男性和女性患者的易感性患病率相似（男性50人[24.5%]，女性76人[26.0%]）。研究人群中只有15.1%接种了疫苗。
我们的研究结果显示，研究地区HBV感染的血清流行率很高，而HBV免疫接种覆盖率很低。应提供更多的护理和资源，以促进HBV疫苗接种并阻断HBV垂直传播。
